Determinan Perilaku Tes HIV pada Ibu Hamil

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) dan Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) merupakan salah satu sorotan dalam pencapaian target Millenium Development Goals (MDGs). Ibu hamil dengan HIV akan berisiko menularkan kepada bayinya. Tes HIV merupakan gerbang pembuka status HIV yang sangat penting dilakukan pada ibu hamil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan determinan perilaku tes HIV pada ibu hamil yaitu tingkat pendidikan, tingkat pengetahuan, persepsi kerentanan diri tertular HIV, sikap, Provider-Initiated Testing and Counselling (PITC) dan ketersediaan sumber informasi (keluarga dan kader kesehatan). Jenis penelitian adalah potong lintang dengan metode survei. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Puskesmas Mantrijeron dan Puskesmas Sleman yang telah memiliki sarana pemeriksaan tes HIV dan telah menjalankan program Pencegahan Penularan dari Ibu ke Anak (PPIA). Subjek penelitian adalah ibu hamil yang berkunjung ke puskesmas tersebut pada bulan Agustus sampai dengan Oktober 2014 yang berjumlah 54 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis yang digunakan univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan tingkat pendidikan, tingkatpengetahuan tentang HIV dan AIDS, persepsi kerentanan diri dan sikap ibu. Ada hubungan antara PITC, ketersediaan sumber informasi tentang HIV dan AIDS dari keluarga dan kader kesehatan dengan perilaku tes HIV pada ibu hamil. PITC merupakan variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap perilaku tes HIV pada ibu hamil.Determinant of HIV Testing Behavior among Pregnant WomenHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of highlighted issues in accomplishing Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) target. Pregnant women with HIV will transmit the virus to their babies. HIV testing is such an opening gate of HIV status that is very important to be conducted on pregnant women. This study aimed to determine the determinant of HIV testing behaviour among pregnant women including education level, knowledge level, perception of selfvulnerability to be HIV-infected, attitudes, Provider-Initiated Testing and Counseling (PITC) and availability of information (family and health workers). This study was cross sectional using a survey method. This study was conducted in Mantrijeron and Sleman Primary Health Care that had HIV testing facilities and executed prevention of mother to child transmission program. The subjects of this study were pregnant women visiting such primary health care on August up to October 2014, as much as 54 people. Data collecting used questionnaire. Analysed used were univariate, biviariate, and multivariate. The results showed no relation between educational level, knowledge level about HIV and AIDS, perception of self-vulnerability and attitudes of women.There was a relation between PITC, information source availability about HIV and AIDS from the family and health workers with HIV testing behaviour among pregnant women. PITC is the most influencing variable toward HIV testing behaviour among pregnant women.

Private Midwives’ Perceptions on Barriers and Enabling Factors to Voluntary Counselling and HIV Test (VCT) in Bali, Indonesia

“…Previous studies support the important role of health providers in referring women to VCT services. [13][14][15] This study highlights the challenges faced by Indonesian midwives in private practice when referring pregnant women for VCT in Bali Province. Barriers faced by midwives in referring pregnant women to VCT serv ices were primarily influenced by negative stigmatization of HIV in society, lack of training, and ongoing monitoring system and recognition of midwives' significant contribution to PMTCT services in Indonesia.…”

Midwife’s Role in the Mother-to-Child Transmission Prevention Program in Primary Health Care in Yogyakarta

“…9 Research conducted by Setiyawati and Meilani on the initiation of service providers to conduct HIV testing demonstrated it to be the most influential factor on the behavior of HIV testing in pregnant women, thus midwives need to understand these efforts. 11 Data analysis in this study shows similiarity with demographic data, where majority of midwives' knowledge of HIV and PMTCT were in the low category (score < 56). The bivariate analysis also shows that the proportion of midwives who implemented PMTCT in the good category were those with enough or good knowledge, while those who implemented PMTCT in the unsatisfactory category were those with low levels of knowledge.…”

Hubungan Tingkat Pendidikan Dan Usia Ibu Hamil Terhadap Perilaku Kunjungan Pemeriksaan Triple Eliminasi Di Puskesmas Sumberlawang Sragen

“…Variabel tingkat pendidikan dalam penelitian penelitian ini identik dengan subjek penelitian dari sebuah penelitian yang dilakukan di Sleman, Yogyakarta tahun 2015. Dalam penelitian tersebut didapatkan mayoritas ibu hamil memiliki tingkat pendidikan minimal 12 tahun atau tingkat pendidikan menengah (81%) (Setiyawati, 2015). Selain itu, penelitian di Semarang, Jawa Tengah, tahun 2016 juga menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas ibu hamil memiliki tingkat pendidikan menengah (98,1%) (Halim, 2016).…”

“…Hasil penelitian ini sejalan dengan sebuah penelitian di Sleman, tahun 2015. Dalam penelitian tersebut, didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa tingkat pendidikan tidak mempengaruhi kunjungan untuk melakukan pemeriksaan HIV dan infeksi menular seksual lainnya, termasuk sifilis (Setiyawati, 2015). Penelitian lain di Tabanan, Indonesia, tahun 2018 juga menunjukkan hasil yang sejalan dengan penelitian ini.…”