Determinants of childhood obesity: What can we learn from built environment studies?

Casey, Romain; Oppert, Jean‐Michel; Weber, Christiane; Charreire, Hélène; Salze, Paul; Badariotti, Dominique; Banos, Arnaud; Fischler, Claude; Giacoman, Claudia; Chaix, Basile; Simon, Chantal

doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2011.06.003

Cited by 75 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Overall, however, studies associating greenspaces and physical activity have produced contradictory results. In some reviews, for example, park accessibility has been associated with use and physical activity [17][18][19] and inversely associated with BMI 20,21 . However, others have suggested weak or null associations 22,23 .…”

Section: Built Environment and Physical Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesogenic environments: current evidence of the built and food environments

Townshend

Lake

2017

Perspect Public Health

226

174

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Section: Built Environment and Physical Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesogenic environments: current evidence of the built and food environments

Townshend

Lake

2017

Perspect Public Health

226

174

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“…There is evidence that obesity prevalence, and obesogenic behaviours cluster in areas and may be patterned according to the characteristics of the environment . Existing reviews have synthesized and examined the evidence relating to the relationship between the physical activity environment and physical activity behaviours, as well as the relationship between physical activity environments and obesity …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in the physical activity environment according to area‐level socio‐economic position—A systematic review

et al. 2019

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Summary Physical inactivity is a major contributing factor to obesity, and both follow a socio‐economic gradient. This systematic review aims to identify whether the physical activity environment varies by socio‐economic position (SEP), which may contribute to socio‐economic patterning of physical activity behaviours, and in turn, obesity levels. Six databases were searched. Studies were included if they compared an objectively measured aspect of the physical activity environment between areas of differing SEP in a high‐income country. Two independent reviewers screened all papers. Results were classified according to the physical activity environment analysed: walkability/bikeability, green space, and recreational facilities. Fifty‐nine studies met the inclusion criteria. A greater number of positive compared with negative associations were found between SEP and green space, whereas there were marginally more negative than positive associations between SEP and walkability/bikeability and recreational facilities. A high number of mixed and null results were found across all categories. With a high number of mixed and null results, clear socio‐economic patterning in the presence of physical activity environments in high‐income countries was not evident in this systematic review. Heterogeneity across studies in the measures used for both SEP and physical activity environments may have contributed to this result.

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“…Organized activities can rarely compensate for the spontaneous everyday outdoor activities and independent mobility to school, errands, and hobbies (Mackett and Paskins, 2008). The physical health consequences on children's inactive lifestyle, the growing risk of overweight and obesity, and the resulting health problems like type II diabetes has therefore raised researchers' attention (Casey et al, 2014;Datar et al, 2013;Saelens et al, 2012;Wolch et al, 2011). In Finland, these concerns are relevant because the proportion of overweight 12-to 18-year-old children almost tripled between 1977 and 2003, which now comprises about 20% of adolescents (Kautiainen et al, 2002(Kautiainen et al, , 2009.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The last free-range children? Children’s independent mobility in Finland in the 1990s and 2010s

Kyttä

Hirvonen

Rudner

et al. 2015

Journal of Transport Geography

125

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a b s t r a c tThe study reports the degree of children's independent mobility (CIM) in Finland for over two decades, from the beginning of the 1990s up to 2011. The first part of the research examined the differences of CIM in five different settlements in 2011: inner city, suburban, large town, small town, and rural village. A cross-sectional survey was used on a total of 821 7-to 15-year-old children in various settlements in different parts of Finland. Independent mobility was operationalized both as mobility licenses, meaning parental permits to perform certain activities independently, and as actual mobility, the proportion of active and independent school travel and independent weekend activities. In the second part of the study, we used the same measures to compare the independent mobility of Finnish children in the 1990s and 2010s. The second sample consisted of a total of 306 8-to 10-year-old children and their parents who participated in the CIM study in 1993-94 or in 2011. The major finding of the study was that in Finland children's independent mobility had decreased significantly during a span of 20 years, even more noticeably in the small town and rural village settings than in the inner city settlements. Finnish children, nevertheless, still enjoy a very high degree of independent mobility when compared with the children from the 16 countries involved in the large international comparative study for which the current research was conducted. In the discussion, we give some possible factors that can provide some understanding of and explanation to these trends.

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Determinants of childhood obesity: What can we learn from built environment studies?

Cited by 75 publications

References 59 publications

Obesogenic environments: current evidence of the built and food environments

Obesogenic environments: current evidence of the built and food environments

Variation in the physical activity environment according to area‐level socio‐economic position—A systematic review

The last free-range children? Children’s independent mobility in Finland in the 1990s and 2010s

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