Determinants of income in smallholder buffalo farms in Sijunjung, West Sumatra

Abstract

As part of the agricultural sector, people in the Sijunjung district also make the livestock subsector part of the family’s economic source, where the type of livestock that has been cultivated for a long time is buffalo. Sijunjung is one of the areas in the Sijunjung district which has the potential to develop buffalo farms because it has the highest livestock population. This study aims to determine the model of buffalo livestock raising, and the income of buffalo farmers in Sijunjung District and to analyze the factors that affect the income of buffalo farming in Sijunjung District. This research method uses a survey method by interviewing 35 respondents. Data analysis used descriptive statistical analysis methods and inferential statistics using multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that most of the farmers (40%) had buffalo in the range of 1-5 heads. Buffalo livestock farming is only used as a side business, where only 17.1% make buffalo farming their main business. Furthermore, the status of livestock ownership in general (65.7%) is a profit-sharing system that in West Sumatra is known as seduaan. The buffalo-rearing system is semi-intensive. The average income of farmers from buffalo farming for one year is Rp. 8,618,669, -. The factor of farm scale, age of the farmer, and the number of calves showed a significant effect on the income of the buffalo farming, while the factors of the number of buffaloes, education, experience, and fixed costs did not significantly affect the income of the buffalo farming.