Determinants of the direction illusion: Motion speed and dichoptic presentation interact to reveal systematic individual differences in sign

Chen, Tony T.; Maloney, Ryan T.; Clifford, Colin W. G.

doi:10.1167/14.8.14

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(128 reference statements)

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“…To determine the extent to which discrimination in transparent motion is worse than for nontransparent motion, we ran a control experiment where the motions were not superimposed but instead occupied adjacent spatial regions, and colour-motion coherence was fixed at 100%. Note that, although they were no longer transparent, the two motions in the centre-surround annular display should still be prone to the same interactions underlying direction repulsion, as many studies using this type of stimulus arrangement have shown (e.g., Chen et al., 2014; Kim & Wilson, 1997; Takemura et al., 2011; Wiese & Wenderoth, 2010). Data from five participants as well as the group average in the control experiment are plotted in Figure 5.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role of local and global interactions in determining direction repulsion is not entirely resolved, with some authors maintaining that it derives from early, local processes (Grunewald, 2004; Hiris & Blake, 1996; Marshak & Sekuler, 1979; Wiese & Wenderoth, 2007) and others that it has a later, more global locus (Benton & Curran, 2003; Curran & Benton, 2003; Curran, Clifford, & Benton, 2009; Kim & Wilson, 1996, 1997; Wilson & Kim, 1994). More recent reports suggest that it probably arises from activity at multiple stages (Chen, Maloney, & Clifford, 2014; Wiese & Wenderoth, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Directional Limits on Motion Transparency Assessed Through Colour-Motion Binding

2017

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Motion-defined transparency is the perception of two or more distinct moving surfaces at the same retinal location. We explored the limits of motion transparency using superimposed surfaces of randomly positioned dots defined by differences in motion direction and colour. In one experiment, dots were red or green and we varied the proportion of dots of a single colour that moved in a single direction ('colour-motion coherence') and measured the threshold direction difference for discriminating between two directions. When colour-motion coherences were high (e.g., 90% of red dots moving in one direction), a smaller direction difference was required to correctly bind colour with direction than at low coherences. In another experiment, we varied the direction difference between the surfaces and measured the threshold colour-motion coherence required to discriminate between them. Generally, colour-motion coherence thresholds decreased with increasing direction differences, stabilising at direction differences around 45°. Different stimulus durations were compared, and thresholds were higher at the shortest (150 ms) compared with the longest (1,000 ms) duration. These results highlight different yet interrelated aspects of the task and the fundamental limits of the mechanisms involved: the resolution of narrowly separated directions in motion processing and the local sampling of dot colours from each surface.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Directional Limits on Motion Transparency Assessed Through Colour-Motion Binding

2017

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Thresholds for sine-wave corrugations defined by binocular disparity in random dot stereograms: Factor analysis of individual differences reveals two stereoscopic mechanisms tuned for spatial frequency

et al. 2017

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Threshold functions for sinusoidal depth corrugations typically reach their minimum (highest sensitivity) at spatial frequencies of 0.2-0.4 cycles/degree (cpd), with lower thresholds for horizontal than vertical corrugations at low spatial frequencies. To elucidate spatial frequency and orientation tuning of stereoscopic mechanisms, we measured the disparity sensitivity functions, and used factor analytic techniques to estimate the existence of independent underlying stereo channels. The data set (N = 30 individuals) was for horizontal and vertical corrugations of spatial frequencies ranging from 0.1 to 1.6 cpd. A principal component analysis of disparity sensitivities (log-arcsec) revealed that two significant factors accounted for 70% of the variability. Following Varimax rotation to approximate "simple structure", one factor clearly loaded onto low spatial frequencies (≤0.4 cpd), and a second was tuned to higher spatial frequencies (≥0.8 cpd). Each factor had nearly identical tuning (loadings) for horizontal and vertical patterns. The finding of separate factors for low and high spatial frequencies is consistent with previous studies. The failure to find separate factors for horizontal and vertical corrugations is somewhat surprising because the neuronal mechanisms are believed to be different. Following an oblique rotation (Direct Oblimin), the two factors correlated significantly, suggesting some interdependence rather than full independence between the two factors.

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Causal inference predicts the transition from integration to segmentation in motion perception

Penaloza,

Shivkumar,

Lengyel

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Motion provides a powerful sensory cue for segmenting a visual scene into objects and inferring the causal relationships between objects. Fundamental mechanisms involved in this process are the integration and segmentation of local motion signals. However, the computations that govern whether local motion signals are perceptually integrated or segmented remain unclear. Hierarchical Bayesian causal inference has recently been proposed as a model for these computations, yet a hallmark prediction of the model – its dependency on sensory uncertainty – has remained untested. We used a recently developed hierarchical stimulus configuration to measure how human subjects integrate or segment local motion signals while manipulating motion coherence to control sensory uncertainty. We found that (a) the perceptual transition from motion integration to segmentation shifts with sensory uncertainty, and (b) that perceptual variability is maximal around this transition point. Both findings were predicted by the model and challenge conventional interpretations of motion repulsion effects. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-024-78820-6.

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Determinants of the direction illusion: Motion speed and dichoptic presentation interact to reveal systematic individual differences in sign

Cited by 4 publications

References 55 publications

Directional Limits on Motion Transparency Assessed Through Colour-Motion Binding

Directional Limits on Motion Transparency Assessed Through Colour-Motion Binding

Thresholds for sine-wave corrugations defined by binocular disparity in random dot stereograms: Factor analysis of individual differences reveals two stereoscopic mechanisms tuned for spatial frequency

Causal inference predicts the transition from integration to segmentation in motion perception

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