Determination and Uptake of Carbosulfan and Carbofuran in Young Douglas Firs (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb.)

Mrlina, Georges; Lempérière, Guy; Calmon, Jean‐Pierre

doi:10.1021/jf00043a034

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Middle leaves had roughly one-half the concentration found in the lower leaves. This distribution pattern was also observed with the systemic insecticide carbofuran in Douglas Þrs (Mrlina et al 1994).…”

supporting

confidence: 68%

Bioassay Determination of the Distribution of Imidacloprid in Potato Plants: Implications to Resistance Development

Olson

Dively

Nelson

2004

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Soil-applied imidacloprid exhibits exceptional efficacy as a systemic insecticide against the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). An uneven distribution of the chemical within potato plants could result in differential concentrations, which may allow for discrimination between genotypes of varying susceptibility. In this study, susceptible and tolerant larvae were fed leaves from the lower, middle, and upper canopy of treated and untreated plants to characterize within-plant distribution of imidacloprid at 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 wk after planting. Significant differences in larval mortality and development indicated that the concentration of imidacloprid was unevenly distributed in the potato foliage during 6-14 wk after planting. The concentration of imidacloprid was lowest in the younger tissues of the upper leaves and highest in the older, lower leaves. At 6 wk, a time when the postdiapause beetles are colonizing potato fields, the lower concentration in upper leaves was toxic to susceptible larvae but did not kill a substantial portion of the tolerant larvae. Results suggest that higher concentrations of imidacloprid in the lower canopy leaves may act as a toxic barrier to colonizing susceptible beetles but may allow more tolerant individuals to reach the upper canopy with lower concentrations. Possible scenarios of how different concentrations of the systemic insecticide could influence the rate of resistance development are discussed.

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supporting

confidence: 68%

Bioassay Determination of the Distribution of Imidacloprid in Potato Plants: Implications to Resistance Development

Olson

Dively

Nelson

2004

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“…The treatment of seedlings with carbosulfan reduced the incidence of tree mortality and damage by H. ater. These results are consistent with studies in other countries evaluating the effectiveness of carbosulfan to protect seedlings from bark beetle and weevil attack (Lemperière & Julien 1989;Mrlina et al 1994;Heritage et al 1997).…”

Section: Severity Of Sub-lethal Feeding Damage On Seedlingssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Carbosulfan has been shown to protect conifers seedlings for three years against bark beetle and weevil attack in Europe (Lemperière & Julien 1989;Mrlina et al 1994;Heritage et al 1997). This pesticide is marketed as a controlled-release insecticide with a single application at planting time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A carbosulfan insecticide to protect pine seedlings from <i>Hylastes ater</i> (Coleoptera Scolytidae) damage

Reay

Walsh²

2002

NZPP

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A controlled release granular carbosulfan pesticide was tested for efficacy against Hylastes ater damage of Pinus radiata seedlings in secondrotation forests in the central North Island Our study involved control seedlings and seedlings treated with 10 g or 15 g carbosulfan granules per seedling Seedling mortality ranged from 0 to 8 at the five sites When seedling mortality was high (8) mortality was reduced to 07 and 0 for carbosulfan granules applied at 10 g/seedling and 15 g/seedling respectively While seedling mortality in the five sites was low a large proportion of seedlings were damaged (38 to 83 of untreated seedlings) by H ater Untreated seedlings were damaged more frequently and with greater severity than treated seedlings The results indicate that that carbosulfan should protect P radiata seedlings from damage caused by H ater when used at the recommended field rate

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“…Similarly in sugar beet, the concentration of imidacloprid was six times higher in lower leaves compared with the upper leaves 49 d after application ( Westwood et al 1998 ). A similarly nonuniform distribution pattern was noticed with the carbofuran (systemic insecticide) in Douglas firs ( Mrlina et al 1994 ), which documented decreasing concentrations of the chemical from the roots to the upper part of the tree. These examples highlight nonuniform systemic insecticide distribution within treated plants, and such within-plant gradients may be exacerbated under the effects of climate change.…”

Section: Climate Change and Behavioral Insecticide Resistancementioning

confidence: 62%

Does Drought Increase the Risk of Insects Developing Behavioral Resistance to Systemic Insecticides?

Khodaverdi¹,

Fowles²,

Bick³

et al. 2016

J Econ Entomol

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Increases in severity and frequency of drought periods, average global temperatures, and more erratic fluctuations in rainfall patterns due to climate change are predicted to have a dramatic impact on agricultural production systems. Insect pest populations in agricultural and horticultural systems are also expected to be impacted, both in terms of their spatial and temporal distributions and in their status as pest species. In this opinion-based article, we discuss how indirect effects of drought may adversely affect the performance of systemic insecticides and also lead to increased risk of insect pests developing behavioral insecticide resistance. We hypothesize that more pronounced drought will decrease uptake and increase the magnitude of nonuniform translocation of systemic insecticides within treated crop plants, and that may have two concurrent consequences: 1) reduced pesticide performance, and 2) increased likelihood of insect pests evolving behavioral insecticide resistance. Under this scenario, pests that can sense and avoid acquisition of lethal dosages of systemic insecticides within crop plants will have a selective advantage. This may lead to selection for insect behavioral avoidance, so that insects predominantly feed and oviposit on portions of crop plants with low concentration of systemic insecticide. Limited research has been published on the effect of environmental variables, including drought, on pesticide performance, but we present and discuss studies that support the hypothesis described above. In addition, we wish to highlight the importance of studying the many ways environmental factors can affect, directly and indirectly, both the performance of insecticides and the risk of target insect pests developing resistance.

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Determination and Uptake of Carbosulfan and Carbofuran in Young Douglas Firs (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb.)

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Bioassay Determination of the Distribution of Imidacloprid in Potato Plants: Implications to Resistance Development

Bioassay Determination of the Distribution of Imidacloprid in Potato Plants: Implications to Resistance Development

A carbosulfan insecticide to protect pine seedlings from <i>Hylastes ater</i> (Coleoptera Scolytidae) damage

Does Drought Increase the Risk of Insects Developing Behavioral Resistance to Systemic Insecticides?

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