Détermination de bois fossiles provenant de la grotte de Lascaux, Montignac-sur-Vizère (Dordogne)

Jacquiot, C.

doi:10.1080/00378941.1960.10837911

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Unfortunately, no further pollen indications for the presence of chestnut in the Dordogne region have been reported since the identification of charcoal macroremains in the cave of Lascaux (Leroi-Gourhan et al 1979) and pollen findings in the Abri du Facteur (Leroi-Gourhan 1968). In northern and western France, no chestnut pollen before the Roman period has been reported so far (Guinier 1951;Jacquiot 1960;Leroi-Gourhan 1961, Leroi-Gourhan 1968Beaulieu and Reille 1984;Beaulieu et al 1985;Jalut et al 1988;Reille 1991;Sanchez Goaei 1993), but this is not surprising as, during the LGM, most of northern France was probably exposed to permafrost conditions (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Quaternary refugia of the sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.): an extended palynological approach

Krebs

Conedera

Pradella

et al. 2004

Veget Hist Archaeobot

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Knowledge about the glacial refugia of the thermophilous European Castanea sativa Mill. (sweet chestnut) is still inadequate. Its original range of distribution has been masked by strong human impact. Moreover, under natural conditions the species was probably admixed with other taxa (such as Quercus, Fraxinus, Fagus, Tilia) and thus possibly represented by low percentages in pollen records. In this paper we try to overcome the difficulties related to the scarcity and irregularity of chestnut pollen records by considering 1471 sites and extending the palynological approach to develop a Castanea refugium probability index (IRP), aimed at detecting possible chestnut refugia where chestnuts survived during the last glaciation. The results are in close agreement with the current literature on the refugia of other thermophilous European trees. The few divergences are most probably due to the large amount of new data integrated in this study, rather than to fundamental disagreements about data and data interpretation. The main chestnut refugia are located in the Transcaucasian region, northwestern Anatolia, the hinterland of the Tyrrhenian coast from Liguria to Lazio along the Apennine range, the region around Lago di Monticchio (Monte Vulture) in southern Italy, and the Cantabrian coast on the Iberian peninsula. Despite the high likelihood of Castanea refugia in the Balkan Peninsula and northeastern Italy (Colli Euganei, Monti Berici, Emilia-Romagna) as suggested by the IRP, additional palaeobotanical investigations are needed to assess whether these regions effectively sheltered chestnut during the last glaciation. Other regions, such as the Isre DØpartement in France, the region across northwest Portugal and Galicia, and the hilly region along the Mediterranean coast of Syria and Lebanon were classified as areas of medium refugium probability. Our results reveal an unexpected spatial richness of potential Castanea refugia. It is likely that other European trees had similar distribution ranges during the last glaciation. It is thus conceivable that shelter zones with favourable microclimates were probably more numerous and more widely dispersed across Europe than so far assumed. In the future, more attention should be paid to pollen traces of sporadic taxa thought to have disappeared from a given area during the last glacial and post-glacial period.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Quaternary refugia of the sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.): an extended palynological approach

Krebs

Conedera

Pradella

et al. 2004

Veget Hist Archaeobot

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“…They measured nearly two thousand growth rings of oak and hazel charcoals and compared the results with the annual rings from recent specimens of the same species to obtain ''evidence regarding the climatic conditions of the past by means of the width of the annual rings''. In the cave of Lascaux (Dordogne, France), Jacquiot (1960) systematically observed the aspect of rings of the charred wood. In this way, he obtained information about climate, density of forests and diameters of wood used.…”

Section: Brief History Of Anthracologymentioning

confidence: 98%

Charcoal analysis and dendrology: data from archaeological sites in north-western France

Marguerie

Hunot²

2007

Journal of Archaeological Science

258

122

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“…Stieber (1957Stieber ( , 1967. C. Jacquiot (1960) identifie ainsi les charbons de la grotte de Lascaux et observe systématiquement l'aspect de leurs cernes. Cette méthode est clairement à l'origine de la multiplication des analyses anthracologiques.…”

Section: Des Outils Déterminantsunclassified

“…L'identification des charbons de bois repose sur les principes de l'anatomie comparée et de la biométrie. Elle nécessite l'observation sous microscope des tissus ligneux au mieux selon trois coupes (une transversale et deux longitudinales) et une comparaison des caractères anatomiques des restes sub-fossiles avec des spécimens actuels conservés dans Années 50-60 premiers atlas anatomiques Metcalfe, Chalk (1950) Jacquiot (1955, Greguss (1959) Années 60-70 banalisation usage microscopie épiscopique Stieber (1957Stieber ( -1967, Jacquiot (1960) Années 80…”

Section: Des Outils Déterminantsunclassified

40 ans d’archéobotanique en France (1977-2017)

Leroyer¹,

Marguerie²,

Zech-Matterne³

2018

archeosciences

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Les interactions que les communautés humaines entretiennent avec le monde végétal, depuis la Préhistoire jusque la période contemporaine, constituent le vaste champ d’investigation des disciplines de l’archéobotanique, et le support de nombreuses thématiques archéologiques et historiques. Nous présentons pour trois d’entre elles : la palynologie, l’anthracologie et la carpologie, un bilan synthétisant 40 ans de recherche en France, en déclinant l’historique de ces disciplines, leurs objets d’étude et la diversité de leurs applications, leurs principaux apports et leurs nouveaux domaines exploratoires. La densité des informations recueillies, à l’échelle du territoire métropolitain, autorise désormais des approches relatives à des réseaux de diffusion ou à des aires de répartition atteignant une dimension continentale aussi bien que des observations très précises à l’échelle d’une station, ou d’une micro-région. Ces développements appellent une multiplication des approches combinant plusieurs disciplines (multiproxies et multicontextes), la mise en place de bases de données et d’outils de traitement sophistiqués, qui représentent un enjeu majeur des grands projets collectifs présents et futurs.

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Détermination de bois fossiles provenant de la grotte de Lascaux, Montignac-sur-Vizère (Dordogne)

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Quaternary refugia of the sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.): an extended palynological approach

Quaternary refugia of the sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.): an extended palynological approach

Charcoal analysis and dendrology: data from archaeological sites in north-western France

40 ans d’archéobotanique en France (1977-2017)

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