Determination of Aflatoxins M1, M2, B1, B2, G1, and G2 and Ochratoxin A in UHT and Powdered Milk by Modified QuEChERS Method and Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Sartori, André Victor; Mattos, Juliana Swensson de; Moraes, Maria Heloísa Paulino de; Nóbrega, Armi Wanderley da

doi:10.1007/s12161-015-0128-4

Cited by 51 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Aflatoxins AFM 1 and AFB 1 were extracted and purified following the QuEChERS method (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) described by Sartori, Mattos, Moraes, and Nóbrega (), with some adaptations. For this, 15 mL of the sample was added to 50 mL falcon tubes with 10 mL of hexane and 15 mL of acetonitrile acidified with acetic acid 1% (v v −1 ) and subjected to stirring for 30 s. Then, 6 g of magnesium sulfate and 1.5 g of sodium chloride were added to the mixture, and the tubes were immediately vortex‐stirred (LS Logen, Diadema, Brazil) for 1 min, and centrifuged (Cientec, CT 5000R, Belo Horizonte, Brazil) at 1189 g for 7 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detoxification of Aflatoxin B₁ and M₁ by Lactobacillus acidophilus and prebiotics in whole cow's milk

Wochner

Moreira

Kalschne

et al. 2019

Journal of Food Safety

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The detoxification ability of Lactobacillus acidophilus and prebiotics was evaluated by a Plackett‐Burman Design to examine the reduction of concentration and bioaccessibility of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and M1 (AFM1) in artificially contaminated whole cow's milk. Six variables were evaluated: AFB1 (3.25–6.0 μg L−1) or AFM1 (1.0–2.0 μg L−1) concentration; incubation time (0–6 h); and inulin, oligofructose, β‐glucan, and polydextrose concentrations (each between 0.00 and 0.75%). All runs achieved reductions of AFB1 (13.53–35.53%) and AFM1 (17.65–71.52%). Comparing with the positive control, the AFB1 bioaccessibility ranged from 23.68 to 72.67% and for AFM1 was 0%. The probiotic, isolated or combined with prebiotics, was efficient in mycotoxin reduction, while the combination of the two reduced the mycotoxin bioaccessibility. The best experimental condition was the highest concentration of AFB1 (6.5 μg L−1) and AFM1 (2.0 μg L−1), incubation time of 0 h and the addition of probiotic and inulin (0.75%).

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detoxification of Aflatoxin B₁ and M₁ by Lactobacillus acidophilus and prebiotics in whole cow's milk

Wochner

Moreira

Kalschne

et al. 2019

Journal of Food Safety

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Because AFB 1 is more toxic than AFM 1 (Zain ), the presence of AFB 1 in milk should also be examined. Aflatoxin M 2 (AFM 2 ), another AFB 1 metabolite, has also been investigated in milk, although a previous study did not detect it (Garrido and others ), Sartori and others () detected, respectively, in 17 (24%) of the powdered milk samples (>0.08 μg/kg) and in 3 (18%) of the UHT milk samples (>0.009 μg/kg) commercialized in Brazil; Lee and Lee () also detected AFM 2 in UHT and pasteurized milk.…”

Section: Mycotoxin Occurrencementioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxins in Bovine Milk and Dairy Products: A Review

Becker-Algeri

Castagnaro

Bortoli

et al. 2016

Journal of Food Science

178

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents a literature review of the occurrence of several mycotoxins in bovine milk and dairy products, because it is the main type of milk produced and marketed worldwide. Mycotoxins are produced by different genera of filamentous fungi and present serious health hazards such as carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. Under favorable growth conditions, toxigenic fungi produce mycotoxins which contaminate the lactating cow's feedstuff. During metabolism, these mycotoxins undergo biotransformation and are secreted in milk. Data show that there is a seasonal trend in the levels of mycotoxins in milk, with these being higher in the cold months probably due to the prolonged storage required for the cattle feeds providing favorable conditions for fungal growth. Good agricultural and storage practices are therefore of fundamental importance in the control of toxigenic species and mycotoxins. Although aflatoxins (especially aflatoxin M 1 ) are the mycotoxins of greater incidence in milk and dairy products, this review shows that other mycotoxins, such as fumonisin, ochratoxin A, trichothecenes, zearalenone, T-2 toxin, and deoxynivalenol, can also be found in these products. Given that milk is widely consumed and is a source of nutrients, especially in childhood, a thorough investigation of the occurrence of mycotoxins as well the adoption of measures to minimize their contamination of milk is essential.

show abstract

“…The extraction of aflatoxin M 1 was performed in triplicate using the QuEChERS method (Sartori et al, 2015). 15 g of the defatted and homogenized milk were weighed, to which 10 mL of hexane (C 6 H 14 ; Synth, Brazil) and 15 mL of acetonitrile (C 2 H 3 N; J.T.…”

Section: Extraction Of Aflatoxin Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of aflatoxin M1 in fresh milk from small farms

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this work was to determine aflatoxin M 1 in fresh milk from fifty-two small farms in the city of Concórdia -SC, Brazil. Samples from the cooling tanks of each property were collected from November 2014 to January 2015. The QuEChERS method was used for the extraction of aflatoxin M 1 , and quantification was performed in UHPLC-FL. 40.4% of the analyzed samples (eg, 21 samples) showed contamination levels by aflatoxin M 1 above the maximum limit allowed by the Brazilian regulation, which is 0.5 μg L -1. These results suggest the importance of implementing Good Practices in obtaining feed for dairy cows, since the contamination of milk by aflatoxin M 1 occurs through the biotransformation of aflatoxin B 1 , after the ingestion of feed or silage contaminated by the animals, posing risk to the animals themselves, as well as to consumers of milk and dairy products. Keywords: aflatoxins; QuEChERS; UHPLC-FL.Practical Application: Contamination by aflatoxin M 1 of the evaluated fresh milk was high.

show abstract

Determination of Aflatoxins M1, M2, B1, B2, G1, and G2 and Ochratoxin A in UHT and Powdered Milk by Modified QuEChERS Method and Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Cited by 51 publications

References 39 publications

Detoxification of Aflatoxin B₁ and M₁ by Lactobacillus acidophilus and prebiotics in whole cow's milk

Detoxification of Aflatoxin B₁ and M₁ by Lactobacillus acidophilus and prebiotics in whole cow's milk

Mycotoxins in Bovine Milk and Dairy Products: A Review

Incidence of aflatoxin M1 in fresh milk from small farms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Determination of Aflatoxins M1, M2, B1, B2, G1, and G2 and Ochratoxin A in UHT and Powdered Milk by Modified QuEChERS Method and Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Cited by 51 publications

References 39 publications

Detoxification of Aflatoxin B1 and M1 by Lactobacillus acidophilus and prebiotics in whole cow's milk

Detoxification of Aflatoxin B1 and M1 by Lactobacillus acidophilus and prebiotics in whole cow's milk

Mycotoxins in Bovine Milk and Dairy Products: A Review

Incidence of aflatoxin M1 in fresh milk from small farms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Detoxification of Aflatoxin B₁ and M₁ by Lactobacillus acidophilus and prebiotics in whole cow's milk

Detoxification of Aflatoxin B₁ and M₁ by Lactobacillus acidophilus and prebiotics in whole cow's milk