Determination of Ammonium Ion Employing an Electronic Tongue Based on Potentiometric Sensors

Gallardo, Jordi; Alegret, Salvador; Roman, M.; Muñoz, Robert; Hernández, P.R.; Leija, L.; Valle, Manel del

doi:10.1081/al-120026410

Cited by 52 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…To do this, the employment of a chemometric data processing tool is mandatory. The sensing part can be an array of simple sensors with poor-selectivity features, for instance ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) [3,4]; it can also be composed by sensors that generate complex readings, for instance in voltammetric measurements [5]. There is a large compilation in the literature [6 -8] about selectivity features of ISEs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated SIA System Using an Array of Potentiometric Sensors for Determining Alkaline‐Earth Ions in Water

et al. 2007

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This work deals with the simultaneous determination of Mg 2þ , Ca 2þ, and Ba 2þ in water using a PVC-membrane potentiometric sensor array and multivariate calibration, in what is known as electronic tongue. The subsequent processing of the data was based on the use of a multilayer artificial neural network (ANN). The information needed for training or generation of the model was obtained with the aid of an automated analytical system based on the Sequential Injection Analysis (SIA) technique. The modeling ability was verified with an external set of standards, and next the determinations were performed in real samples of mineral waters, where close results for Mg 2þ and Ca 2þ were obtained to those obtained with reference methods. The determination of Ba 2þ can be considered as semiquantitative for synthetic samples -due to the absence of Ba 2þ in mineral waters, its concentration in real samples was not measured.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated SIA System Using an Array of Potentiometric Sensors for Determining Alkaline‐Earth Ions in Water

et al. 2007

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“…Ion chromatography [1,10,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] has been also used for the determination of NH 4 + in waters in addition to spectrophotometry [33], CE [34], fluorimetry [14,35] and potentiometry [36,37]. Nevertheless, problems in the resolution of low molecular mass amine [1] and NH 4 + peaks as well as permanent damage of the column with consequent shortening of its life time can occur when high salinity water samples are directly analyzed [31].…”

Section: Liquid Chromatography 1455mentioning

confidence: 97%

Determination of low-molecular-weight amines and ammonium in saline waters by ion chromatography after their extraction by steam distillation

et al. 2016

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A new method was developed for the determination of ammonium ion, monomethylamine and monoethylamine in saline waters by ion chromatography. Steam distillation was used to eliminate matrix interferences. Variables such as distillation time, concentration of sodium hydroxide solution and analyte mass were optimized by using a full two-level factorial (2(3) ) design. The influence of steam distillation on the analytical curves prepared in different matrices was also investigated. Limits of detection of 0.03, 0.05 and 0.05 mg/L were obtained for ammoniumion, monomethylamine and monoethylamine, respectively. Saline water samples from the Brazilian oil industry, containing sodium and potassium concentrations between 2.0-5.2% w/v and 96-928 mg/L, respectively, were analyzed. Satisfactory recoveries (90-105%) of the analytes were obtained for all spiked samples, and the precision was ≤ 7% (n = 3). The proposed method is adequate for analyzing saline waters containing sodium to ammoniumion, monomethylamine and monoethylamine concentration ratios up to 28 000:1 and potassium to ammonium, monomethylamine and monoethylamine concentration ratios up to 12 000:1.

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“…They were constructed by following a standard procedure developed in our laboratory [15]. Polymeric PVC membranes were formed by solvent casting of a mixture further diluted with tetrahydrofuran (1 mL per 20 mg PVC) on a 1 : 1 epoxy-graphite composite solid contact.…”

Section: Sensor Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of an Electronic Tongue Based on All‐Solid‐State Potentiometric Sensors for the Quantitation of Alkaline Ions

et al. 2005

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An array of eight nonspecific potentiometric sensors was used in combination with multivariate calibration for the simultaneous determination of NH þ 4 , K þ and Na þ ions. The sensors were of the all-solid-state type and employed a PVC polymer membrane. Signals were processed by using a multilayer artificial neural network (ANN). The ANN configuration used was optimized by using 8 neurons in the input layer, 5 in the hidden layer and 3 in the output layer. Use of the Bayesian Regularization algorithm allowed a quick building of an accurate model, as confirmed by random multi-starting of network weights. The system was used to analyze synthetic and river water, waste water and fertilizer samples. Correct results were obtained for the three ions in synthetic and real water samples; in fertilizers, ammonium ion can be determined, while sodium and potassium show biased results.

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Determination of Ammonium Ion Employing an Electronic Tongue Based on Potentiometric Sensors

Cited by 52 publications

References 21 publications

Automated SIA System Using an Array of Potentiometric Sensors for Determining Alkaline‐Earth Ions in Water

Automated SIA System Using an Array of Potentiometric Sensors for Determining Alkaline‐Earth Ions in Water

Determination of low-molecular-weight amines and ammonium in saline waters by ion chromatography after their extraction by steam distillation

Use of an Electronic Tongue Based on All‐Solid‐State Potentiometric Sensors for the Quantitation of Alkaline Ions

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