Determination of apparent ileal amino acid digestibility in pigs: effect of dietary amino acid level1

Fan, M. Z.; Sauer, W. C.; Hardin, R. T.; Lien, K. A.

doi:10.2527/1994.72112851x

Cited by 160 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Of the indispensable amino acids, the differences between the direct and difference method ranged from 2.4 (histidine) to 9.1 (threonine) percentage units. With respect to the direct method, as was pointed out by Fan et al (1994), that the apparent amino acid digestibility values of amino acids in a feedstuff are dependent on their respective dietary amino acid levels. The apparent digestibilities of the indispensable amino acids were higher in MHB than HB and ranged from 5.3 (valine) to 10.0 (methionine) percentage units.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As was pointed out previously (e.g., Sauer and Ozimek 1986), the ileal rather than faecal analysis method should be used to determine amino acid digestibilities in feedstuffs for pigs, because of the modifying action of the microflora in the large intestine. On the other hand, the digestibility of energy should be determined with the faecal analysis method, as there can be considerable disappearance of energy in the large intestine in the form of volatile fatty acids (e.g., Fan et al 1994).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of micronization on energy, starch and amino acid digestibility in hulless barley for young pigs

Huang¹,

Sauer²,

Pickard³

et al. 1998

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 1998. Effect of micronization on energy, starch and amino acid digestibility in hulless barley for young pigs. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 78: 81-87. Studies were carried out to determine the effect of micronization on energy, starch and amino acid digestibilities in hulless barley. Six pigs (Canabrid × Camborough) were weaned at 21 d of age and fitted with a simple T-cannula at the distal ileum on days 23 or 24. The pigs were fed one of three diets with major constituents of hulless barley and soybean meal (HB + SBM), micronized hulless barley and soybean meal (MHB + SBM) and corn starch and soybean meal (C + SBM) according to a repeated Latin square design. The pigs were fed three times daily, equal amounts at 8-h intervals. The diets were supplied at a rate of 5% (wt/wt) of body weight. The average body weight of the pigs was 9.3 kg at start and 15.9 kg at the conclusion of the experiment at 58 d of age. Faeces were collected for 48 h on days 6 and 7 and ileal digesta for 24 h on days 8 and 9. Chromic oxide was used as digestibility marker. The apparent ileal amino acid digestibilities in HB and MHB were determined by the difference method. The apparent ileal digestibilities of the indispensable amino acids were higher in MHB than in HB and ranged from 5.3 to 10.0 percentage units. Of the indispensable amino acids, the differences were significant (P < 0.05) for arginine, histidine, isoleucine, phenylalanine and valine. Micronization of HB improved (P < 0.05) the ileal digestibility of starch from 79.0 to 97.3%. Micronization resulted in an increase in the digestion of energy in the small intestine and a decrease in microbial fermentation of energy in the large intestine. This shift in the disappearance of energy from the large to the small intestine should also result in an improvement in the efficiency of energy utilization. These studies show a positive effect of micronization on the digestibilities of energy and amino acids in young pigs fed HB.Key words: Micronization, barley, digestibility, pigs Huang, S. X., Sauer, W. C., Pickard, M., Li, S. et hardin, R. T. 1998. Effet de la micronisation sur la digestibilité de l'énergie, de l'amido et des acides aminés de l'orge à grain nu chez les porcelets. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 78: 81-87. Nos travaux portaient sur les effets de la micronisation sur la digestibilité de l'énergie, de l'amidon et des acides aminés de l'orge à grain nu. Six porcs (Canabrid x Camborough) étaient sevrés à 21 jours et étaient munis à 23 ou 24 jours d'une canule en T simple à la partie distale de l'iléon. Ils recevaient ensuite l'un de trois régimes alimentaires dont les composantes principales étaient : orge à grain nu et le tourteau de soja (ON + TS), orge nue micronisée et tourteau de soja (ONM + TS) et amidon de maïs et tourteau de soja (AM + TS) selon un dispositif en carrés latins répétés. Il y avait trois repas de quantité égale par jour, à 8 h d'intervalle. La ration était servie à raison de 5 % (en poids) du poids corporel. Le poids corporel moyen des porcs était de 9,3 au début et de 15,...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of micronization on energy, starch and amino acid digestibility in hulless barley for young pigs

Huang¹,

Sauer²,

Pickard³

et al. 1998

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…The AA content of the assay diet can explain a large amount of the variation in apparent ileal digestibilities. This is due to the contribution of endogenous AA relative to dietary AA in ileal digesta (Fan et al 1994). In addition, some of the differences in digestibilities may have been due to differences in processing methods.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of formic acid and buffering capacity on the ileal digestibilities of amino acids and bacterial populations and metabolites in the small intestine of weanling pigs fed semipurified fish meal diets

Gabert¹,

Sauer²,

Schmitz³

et al. 1995

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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R. 1995. The effect of formic acid and buffering capacity on the ileal digestibilities of amino acids and bacterial populations and metabolites in the small intestine of weanling pigs fld semipurified fish meal diets. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 75: 615423. An experiment was carried out to examine the effects of supplementa:tion of formic acid to semipurified diets containing fish meal for weanling pigs with low and high buffering capacity on nutrient digestion and bacterial populations and metabolites in the small intestine. Twelve barrows, weaned at 2l d, were fitted with a simple T-cannula at the distil ileum. The BW of the pigs at weaning and at the conclusion of the experiment were.7.8 and 13.8 kg, respectively. The pigs were fed four corn starch-based fish meal diets according to a two-period change-over design' The diets were fbrmulated to contain lSVo CP. For two of the diets, referred to as NCaP, fish meal was the calcium and phosphorus source. For the remaining two diets, referred to as HCaP, the levels of calcium and phosphorus were doubled (compared with the NCap diets) by the addition of calcium carbonate and dicalcium phosphate. The diets were supplemented with (+NCaP and +HCaP) or wit|out (-NCaP and -HCaP) l7o (wt|wt) formic acid. The buffering capacity of the HCaP diets increased (P < 0.05) when the levels of calcium and phosphorus were doubled. The pH of the diets were; 6.25, 4.46,6.13 and 4.59 for the -NCaP' +NCaP, -HCaP and +HCaP diets, respectively. Supplementation of formic acid to diets with low and high buffering capacity did not affect (P > 0.05) the apparent ileal digestibilities of AA. The pH, ammonia and VFA concenfiations, bacterial populations in ileal digesta and the inciderrce of diarrhea were also not affected (P > 0.05). Therefore, the supplementation of l7o (wt/wt) formic acid to corn starch-based fish meal diets with low and high buffering capacity for weanling pigs (7.8-13.8 kg) does not affect nutrient digestibilities and bacterial populations in the small intestine.

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“…Various experiments documented this positive correlation, both at ileal and total tract level (Furuya and Kaji, 1989;Fan et al, 1994;Bosi et al, 1995;Canh et al, 1998;Le Bellego et al, 2001;Deng et al, 2007), but only Fan et al (1994) clearly justified the result as influenced by endogenous CP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…of amino acids (Fan et al, 1994;Buraczewska et al, 1999;Fan and Sauer, 2002), at estimating total tract digestibility and nitrogen balance (Bosi et al, 1995;Lindberg and Andersson, 1998;Canh et al, 1998;Le Bellego et al, 2001;Deng et al, 2007). The recovery and valorisation of the autochthonous Mediterranean pig breeds, with low potential for lean growth and high adipogenetic capacity (Lopez-Bote, 1998;Franci et al, 2001;Gandini et al, 2001), suggest the need of analogous studies dedicated to them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of total tract digestibility and nitrogen balance between Cinta Senese and Large White pigs fed on different levels of dietary crude protein

Acciaioli

Sirtori

Pianaccioli

et al. 2011

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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a b s t r a c tThe work aimed to study the digestive capacity and nitrogen balance of Cinta Senese pig fed diets with different crude protein (CP) content. Twelve castrated male pigs (6 Cinta Senese and 6 Large White), of the same body weight (on average 62.7 kg), were submitted to 8 subsequent trials of total tract digestibility and nitrogen balance. The pigs were kept in metabolism cages allowing collection of faeces samples and total urine. The diets, of exclusive vegetal origin, were formulated to contain four protein levels 70, 100, 130 and 160 g/kg as fed (named CP7, CP10, CP13 and CP16, respectively) assured mainly by soybean meal. Total tract nutrient apparent digestibility did not differ (P>0.05) between breeds. Apparent digestibility of CP increased (P<0.01) with increasing dietary CP (from 0.756 to 0.874 for Cinta Senese and from 0.742 to 0.868 for Large White), as consequence of faecal endogenous nitrogen which underestimates the digestibility of protein in inverse proportion with its amount in the diet. Nitrogen balance showed that breed differences (P<0.01) emerged for the urinary N and the total excreted N, with higher emission in Cinta Senese than in Large White breed. The difference was not significant at CP7 diet (excreted N: 19.4 vs. 17.1 g/d for Cinta Senese and Large White) but became progressively more important (P<0.01) in the diets with higher CP content (excreted N at CP16 diet: 39 vs. 35.4 g/d for Cinta Senese and Large White). Consequently, Large White retained more nitrogen than Cinta Senese (about +2.6; +3.0; +3.4; +3.8 g/d with CP7; CP10; CP13; CP16 diet, respectively; P<0.01). So, the efficiency of N utilization (retained N/absorbed N), favoured the Large White in all the tested diets (P<0.01). These results suggest to limit the CP content in diets for Cinta Senese breed, to reduce nitrogen pollution in the environment.

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Determination of apparent ileal amino acid digestibility in pigs: effect of dietary amino acid level1

Cited by 160 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of micronization on energy, starch and amino acid digestibility in hulless barley for young pigs

Effect of micronization on energy, starch and amino acid digestibility in hulless barley for young pigs

The effect of formic acid and buffering capacity on the ileal digestibilities of amino acids and bacterial populations and metabolites in the small intestine of weanling pigs fed semipurified fish meal diets

Comparison of total tract digestibility and nitrogen balance between Cinta Senese and Large White pigs fed on different levels of dietary crude protein

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