The effect of formic acid and buffering capacity on the ileal digestibilities of amino acids and bacterial populations and metabolites in the small intestine of weanling pigs fed semipurified fish meal diets

Abstract

R. 1995. The effect of formic acid and buffering capacity on the ileal digestibilities of amino acids and bacterial populations and metabolites in the small intestine of weanling pigs fld semipurified fish meal diets. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 75: 615423. An experiment was carried out to examine the effects of supplementa:tion of formic acid to semipurified diets containing fish meal for weanling pigs with low and high buffering capacity on nutrient digestion and bacterial populations and metabolites in the small intestine. Twelve barrows, weaned at 2l d, were fitted with a simple T-cannula at the distil ileum. The BW of the pigs at weaning and at the conclusion of the experiment were.7.8 and 13.8 kg, respectively. The pigs were fed four corn starch-based fish meal diets according to a two-period change-over design' The diets were fbrmulated to contain lSVo CP. For two of the diets, referred to as NCaP, fish meal was the calcium and phosphorus source. For the remaining two diets, referred to as HCaP, the levels of calcium and phosphorus were doubled (compared with the NCap diets) by the addition of calcium carbonate and dicalcium phosphate. The diets were supplemented with (+NCaP and +HCaP) or wit|out (-NCaP and -HCaP) l7o (wt|wt) formic acid. The buffering capacity of the HCaP diets increased (P < 0.05) when the levels of calcium and phosphorus were doubled. The pH of the diets were; 6.25, 4.46,6.13 and 4.59 for the -NCaP' +NCaP, -HCaP and +HCaP diets, respectively. Supplementation of formic acid to diets with low and high buffering capacity did not affect (P > 0.05) the apparent ileal digestibilities of AA. The pH, ammonia and VFA concenfiations, bacterial populations in ileal digesta and the inciderrce of diarrhea were also not affected (P > 0.05). Therefore, the supplementation of l7o (wt/wt) formic acid to corn starch-based fish meal diets with low and high buffering capacity for weanling pigs (7.8-13.8 kg) does not affect nutrient digestibilities and bacterial populations in the small intestine.

Determination of standardized ileal crude protein and amino acid digestibilities in protein supplements for piglets

“…The SID of indispensable AA in FM1 in the present study are in good agreement with SID calculated from the corresponding AID obtained in the study by Gabert et al (1995). In contrast, SID of indispensable AA in FM2 e were up to 11 percentage units smaller compared with the corresponding SID calculated from AID of indispensable AA (Gabert et al, 1995). The transformation of AID of indispensable AA determined in the study by Kim and Easter (2001) into the corresponding SID resulted in 21 and 17 percentage units smaller SID for FM1 and FM2 e , respectively, compared with the results of the present study.…”

“…GfE, 2008;Rademacher et al, 2009), these AID were transformed into the corresponding SID according to the principles as described herein (equation (2)). The SID of indispensable AA in FM1 in the present study are in good agreement with SID calculated from the corresponding AID obtained in the study by Gabert et al (1995). In contrast, SID of indispensable AA in FM2 e were up to 11 percentage units smaller compared with the corresponding SID calculated from AID of indispensable AA (Gabert et al, 1995).…”

“…For piglets, there are only reports on AID rather than on SID of CP and AA in fish meal products (Gabert et al, 1995;Kim and Easter, 2001). Similar to the establishment of SID tables for grower-finisher pigs (e.g.…”

Divergent modulation of swine ileal microbiota by formic acid and methionine hydroxy analogue-free acid

“…Differences in the diet composition, buffering capacity and farming practices make it difficult to compare results from different studies. However, in general, significant effects on performance and intestinal microbiota were observed in trials with higher than 0.5% inclusion level of FA (Bolduan et al, 1988;Partanen and Mroz, 1999;Canibe et al, 2005;Franco et al, 2005), whereas studies using less than 0.5% FA did not report significant effects (Gabert et al, 1995;Knarreborg et al, 2002). This, together with the observations made in the present investigation, strongly suggest that it is the inhibitory, rather than stimulatory, effect of FA that improves the animal performance.…”

Comparison of the Efficacy of Different Organic Acids on Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility in Weaned Pigs

“…Partanen et al (2007) noted that addition of 0.84% organic acid mixture (formic acid, sorbate and benzoate) to pig diets had improved the apparent ileal digestibility of almost amino acids. In contrast, Gabert et al (1995) did not found any effect of formic acid supplementation on apparent ileal digestibilities of amino acids for early-weaned pigs.…”