Determination of aqueous fluoride with a helium microwave-induced plasma and flow injection analysis

Abstract

The determination of aqueous fluoride by flow injection analysis (FIA) with a helium microwave-induced plasma (He-MIP) is described. This system operates at 500 W and utilizes a modified TM010 resonator cavity with a demountable plasma torch. Both direct nebulization and FIA in conjunction with ultrasonic nebulization (USN) were investigated. FIA was found to be the most reliable method because extended nebulization of aqueous fluoride was found to cause memory effects. Detection limits for aqueous fluoride of 35 and 4 ppm were observed for FIA and direct USN, respectively. The interference effects of pH and selected elements were also studied.

Atomic emission detection for supercritical fluid chromatography using a moderate-power helium microwave-induced plasma

“…Interest in these sensors waned with the development of inexpensive fiber components until the early 1980s when planar waveguides were "rediscovered" for applications in Raman spectroscopy (5,6). Applications of planar waveguides to absorption spectrometry are continuing (7)(8)(9)(10)(11) and planar waveguide fluorescence techniques are currently under investigation (12,13). Recent novel applications of planar waveguides include refractive index sensors based on * To whom correspondence should be addressed.…”

Direct spectrometric determination of total fluorine in geological materials by continuous powder introduction into helium microwave induced plasma

“…These values are similar to the DL of 4 mg g À1 obtained for aqueous fluoride using ultrasonic nebulization and a helium MIP sustained in a Beennakker-type cavity by Gehlhausen and Carnahan. 17 However, a lower DL (0.15 mg g À1 ) was obtained by Okamoto et al 18 for a high power helium MIP with solution nebulization and an aerosol desolvation sample introduction technique. Comparing the detection limit value (4-6 mg g À1 ) previously reported by Havranek et al, 6 one can observe that both direct techniques, PIGE and CPI-MIP-OES, offer similar DLs for fluorine.…”

“…[13][14][15] The detection limit below 4 ng ml À1 is achievable. 16 The determination of aqueous fluoride at the ppm level using ultrasonic nebulization and high-power He-MIP has been also described by Gehlhausen and Carnahan 17 and Okamoto et al 18 However, no application of helium plasma Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, ul. Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.…”

Soil and Water Pollution with Fluoride, Geochemistry, Food Safety Issues and Reclamation-A Review

“…It is required to develop methods that can detect fluoride anions in aqueous solution. These include potentiometry with fluoride ion selective electrodes (Perdikaki, 2002), atomic absorption spectrometry (Gutsche, 1975), inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (Gehlhausen, 1989), UV-Vis spectrophotometry (Leon, 1989), chromatography (Jones, 1992) etc. The most commonly used method is fluoride selective electrode.…”