Determination of aspartame, caffeine, saccharin, and benzoic acid in beverages by high performance liquid chromatography: An undergraduate analytical chemistry experiment

Delaney, Michael F.; Pasko, Kathleen M.; Mauro, David M.; Gsell, Diane S.; Korologos, Philip C.; Morawski, John; Krolikowski, Linda J.; Warren, F. Vincent

doi:10.1021/ed062p618

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Caffeine is considered harmless for adults (at doses of less than 100 mg/day) but is of concern for young children and pregnant women . Several experiments have been published in this Journal for the analysis of caffeine in coffee, tea, and carbonated beverages using high pressure liquid chromatography, − thin-layer chromatography, , capillary electrophoresis, , solid-phase microextraction, electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. , The amount of caffeine and various phenols in tea leaves and green tea dietary supplements has also been reported. , …”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of Caffeine in Beverages Using Aspirin as a Fluorescent Chemosensor

et al. 2016

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Caffeine (1,3, is an alkaloid stimulant that is popular in beverages. Fluorescence-coupled methods have been used to measure the caffeine content in coffee, tea, soft drinks, energy drinks, and cosmetics. In this experiment, we have developed a method for detecting caffeine in beverages utilizing the effect of the caffeine concentration on the fluorescence of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). Caffeine quenches the fluorescence of aspirin and the resulting Stern−Volmer plot from caffeine standard solutions can be used as a calibration curve. This method meets the criteria for fast, sensitive, and convenient caffeine detection. The caffeine concentration values in avita ̅ e caffeine water samples and Ale-8-One ginger ale beverage were in quantitative agreement with the reported values, within experimental error. This method can be extended to other caffeinated beverages that are clear or have an overall light color. This experiment is appropriate for the physical chemistry laboratory, the analytical chemistry laboratory, and the medicinal chemistry laboratory. Instructors may find the framework useful for teaching concepts in fluorescence spectroscopy and quenching, as well as the analysis of active ingredients in food products and cosmetics.

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of Caffeine in Beverages Using Aspirin as a Fluorescent Chemosensor

et al. 2016

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“…Two common undergraduate laboratory experiments involving HPLC are the analysis of caffeine in various beverage samples − and the characterization of aspirin tablets. − Here, example separations of these two common applications were obtained using the portable capillary LC instrument and compared to a standard benchtop HPLC instrument (Figure ). To maximize the number of students that can gain hands-on experience with an instrument during a single laboratory period (165 min), Rowan University has typically utilized a single-point calibration approach for the quantitation of caffeine in diet soda as part of its second-year undergraduate analytical chemistry laboratory course.…”

Section: Educational Applications Of Portable Capillary Lcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Portable Capillary Liquid Chromatography for Common Educational Demonstrations Involving Separations

et al. 2021

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High-performance liquid chromatography is one of the primary techniques covered in the undergraduate analytical chemistry curriculum. This technology report describes the use of a portable capillary-scale instrument that can provide similar performance to a benchtop instrument but generates less solvent waste and enables operation in nonlaboratory settings. Comparisons between the two instrument types were made for single-standard calibration analysis of caffeine in diet soda and aspirin content in over-the-counter tablets, with relative percent differences between the standards and samples under 5% for both instrument types and both samples. The capability to use the instrument in lecture and outreach demonstration activities was also explored. Portable instruments can serve similar pedagogical purposes to traditional instruments as well as provide a platform to introduce discussions on green analytical chemistry based on differences in solvent waste generation and power consumption.

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“…Several articles have recently been published in this Journal and others describing the use of various nontraditional instructional approaches. − The case study approach is one that has proved successful not only at this institution − but at others as well. − In addition, a verity of articles have also appeared in the literature describing the use of modern instrumentation in the undergraduate laboratory, specifically high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), as applied to the analysis of consumer products. − Herein is described a laboratory-based case study, utilizing HPLC, with application to the separation of a common antifungal agent, clioquinol (5-chloro-7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline), from its major impurity 5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline (Figure ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the Antifungal Agent Clioquinol by HPLC, the Not So Pure Preparation: A Laboratory-Based Case Study for an Instrumental Analytical Chemistry Course

Schaber

Hobika

2018

J. Chem. Educ.

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The case study approach provides students with a better appreciation of how scientists solve problems and conduct themselves in the "real world". When applied to the undergraduate chemistry laboratory, this approach also challenges critical thinking skills and creativity in ways "cook book" experiments very often do not. This approach provides students the opportunity to learn analytical principles in the context of relevant everyday problems, stimulate a sustaining interest, and develop higher cognitive skills and reasoning abilities. The laboratory-based case study described here combines the use of small collaborative groups and a modern instrumental technique, with application to a common consumer product. Students are required to conduct themselves as chemists would, when addressing the problem of product purity claims, and to make a determination based on their experimental results that will be used to direct future action taken by a formulation company. This case study even addresses potential legal exposure issues the company may encounter with the Food and Drug Administration. In that context, students come to realize that a faulty conclusion could potentially have undesirable ramifications. In addition, students are provided with the opportunity to gain useful hands-on experience on instrumentation commonly used in modern analytical laboratories. A "professional" report must also be written by students in journal style format including all relevant data, calculations, and statistical and error analysis. Assessment was made using mixed methods. Results indicate the laboratory was largely successful in meeting its objectives.

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Determination of aspartame, caffeine, saccharin, and benzoic acid in beverages by high performance liquid chromatography: An undergraduate analytical chemistry experiment

Abstract: Separations can be applied to the analysis of soft drinks, artificial sweeteners, fruit juices, and coffee.

Cited by 19 publications

References 12 publications

Analysis of Caffeine in Beverages Using Aspirin as a Fluorescent Chemosensor

Analysis of Caffeine in Beverages Using Aspirin as a Fluorescent Chemosensor

Use of Portable Capillary Liquid Chromatography for Common Educational Demonstrations Involving Separations

Determining the Antifungal Agent Clioquinol by HPLC, the Not So Pure Preparation: A Laboratory-Based Case Study for an Instrumental Analytical Chemistry Course

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