Determination of bacterial abundance and communities in the nipple drinking system of cascading cage layer houses

Wan, Yi; Ma, Rui; Chai, Lilong; Du, Qiang; Yang, Rongbin; Qi, Renrong; Liu, Wei; Li, Junying; Li, Yan; Zhan, Kai

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-98330-z

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In our results, the abundance of Proteobacteria both in jejunal content and mucosa was negatively associated with the body weight gain. Comamonas, a Gram-negative pathogenic bacterium, can cause degradation of steroid hormones [33,34], is predominately associated with bacteremia [35], and can occasionally cause low virulence diseases in human and animals [36]. A recent study demonstrated that a higher abundance of Acinetobacter markedly increased systemic inflammation via inducing IFN-γ and IL-6 production [37] and resulted in poor efficiency in broilers [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chicken jejunal microbiota improves growth performance by mitigating intestinal inflammation

et al. 2022

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Background Intestinal inflammation is prevalent in chicken, which results in decreased growth performance and considerable economic losses. Accumulated findings established the close relationship between gut microbiota and chicken growth performance. However, whether gut microbiota impacts chicken growth performance by lessening intestinal inflammation remains elusive. Results Seven-weeks-old male and female chickens with the highest or lowest body weights were significantly different in breast and leg muscle indices and average cross-sectional area of muscle cells. 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated Gram-positive bacteria, such as Lactobacilli, were the predominant species in high body weight chickens. Conversely, Gram-negative bacteria, such as Comamonas, Acinetobacter, Brucella, Escherichia-Shigella, Thermus, Undibacterium, and Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium were significantly abundant in low body weight chickens. Serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level was significantly higher in low body weight chickens (101.58 ± 5.78 ng/mL) compared with high body weight chickens (85.12 ± 4.79 ng/mL). The expression of TLR4, NF-κB, MyD88, and related inflammatory cytokines in the jejunum was significantly upregulated in low body weight chickens, which led to the damage of gut barrier integrity. Furthermore, transferring fecal microbiota from adult chickens with high body weight into 1-day-old chicks reshaped the jejunal microbiota, mitigated inflammatory response, and improved chicken growth performance. Conclusions Our findings suggested that jejunal microbiota could affect chicken growth performance by mitigating intestinal inflammation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chicken jejunal microbiota improves growth performance by mitigating intestinal inflammation

et al. 2022

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“…Acinetobacter is associated with diseases such as septicemia, pulmonary infections, meningitis, and diarrhea in humans and animals, with a mortality rate of about 20–60% [ 68 ]. Comamonas is a Gram-negative pathogenic bacterium that causes steroid hormone degradation [ 69 , 70 ], is primarily associated with bacteremia [ 71 ], and occasionally causes low-virulence disease in humans and animals [ 72 ]. Shigella is a common and potentially pathogenic enteric pathogen that can cause bacterial food poisoning, typhoid fever, and uremia but is also present in small amounts in the feces of healthy individuals [ 73 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Gut Microbial Communities of Domestic and Wild Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) Based on High-Throughput Sequencing Technology

He,

Zhang,

Dai

et al. 2023

Animals

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Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) are currently one of the most popular species in rare bird breeding in several southern provinces of China, but there have been no studies comparing the gut microbial communities of domestic and wild mallards. In this study, 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing technology was used to compare the composition and diversity of gut microbial communities in domestic and wild mallards. Alpha diversity analysis showed significant differences in gut microbial communities between the two groups of mallards, and the diversity and richness of gut microbial communities were significantly higher in wild mallards than in domestic mallards. Beta diversity analysis showed that the two groups of stool samples were mostly separated on the principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) plot. In domestic mallards, Firmicutes (68.0% ± 26.5%) was the most abundant bacterial phylum, followed by Proteobacteria (24.5% ± 22.9%), Bacteroidetes (3.1% ± 3.2%), Fusobacteria (2.2% ± 5.9%), and Actinobacteria (1.1% ± 1.8%). The dominant bacterial phyla in wild mallards were Firmicutes (79.0% ± 10.2%), Proteobacteria (12.9% ± 9.5%), Fusobacteria (3.4% ± 2.5%), and Bacteroidetes (2.8% ± 2.4%). At the genus level, a total of 10 dominant genera (Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Clostridium, Lactobacillus, Soilbacillus, Bacillus, Acinetobacter, Comamonas, Shigella, and Cetobacterium) with an average relative abundance greater than 1% were detected in the fecal samples of both groups. The average relative abundance of five potential pathogenic genera (Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Acinetobacter, Comamonas, and Shigella) was higher in domestic mallards than in wild mallards. The enrichment of pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract of domestic mallards should be of sufficient concern.

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“…It would be useful to quantify through future research the number of the free-range hens that were seen eating simultaneously, and the behavioral evidence of restricted feed access or resource competition. Most of the surveyed farms used nipple systems for providing water, which save water and reduce microorganism contamination [ 60 ]. The drinker space per hen on caged farms ranged from 10 hens/drinker at the lower end to the three hens/drinker at the highest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Animal Welfare and Farm Profitability in Cage and Free-Range Housing Systems for Laying Hens in China

Lin

Jin

et al. 2022

Animals

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Several countries and regions have regulations in place to provide standards for the welfare of production animals, which have implications for breeding, management and trade. In the chicken egg production industry, the welfare impacts of this are not well understood. In the past decades, free-range systems were widely used for local chicken breeds in poultry industry in China, but their use has gradually declined due to the lower competitiveness compared to commercial cage systems. However, the practices of free-range systems for hens raising have gradually increased again over the past decade, as consumer individualized demand for higher food quality and animal welfare has increased. We recruited 14 free-range farms and 45 cage farms from Beijing, Shandong, Hebei, Anhui, Yunnan, Gansu and Jiangsu provinces in China, for an evaluation of hen welfare, production and economic outcomes from farm operations. This study provides data for the welfare outcomes of laying hens in China and preliminarily explored the relationship between welfare level and economic income within farming system types. The researchers visited the farms and used Welfare Quality measures to investigate the welfare, and farm self-reported profits. Nonparametric Mann–Whitney U tests were used to compare the welfare scores between cage and free-range rearing farms. Correlation and regression are used for the analysis of the animal welfare scores, economic data, and production metrics. The general income from free-range farms was linearly correlated with red mite score and stocking density (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). The results showed less centimeters of feeder and drinker space per animal in the free-range system than in cage systems (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). Welfare scores for both the stocking density and beak condition were significantly better in the free-range systems than the cage systems (p < 0.001), as were qualitative behavior assessment scores (p < 0.05). The total egg production and peak egg production in cage farms were much higher than in free-range farms (p < 0.001), and egg loss rate was significantly lower (p < 0.001). While the production efficiency of free-range farms was lower than that of cage farms, general income per 10,000 hens was actually higher. Our results provide some evidence that some welfare indicators and general income (per 10,000 hens) in free-range farms in China were better than those of cage farms. The results indicate that better parasite control and lower stocking densities may result in improved hen welfare on free-range farms and potentially improve profitability. The level of welfare and economic benefits of free-range farms vary widely, and there was potential room for improvement in feeding space, drinking water space and human–animal relationship.

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Determination of bacterial abundance and communities in the nipple drinking system of cascading cage layer houses

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Chicken jejunal microbiota improves growth performance by mitigating intestinal inflammation

Chicken jejunal microbiota improves growth performance by mitigating intestinal inflammation

Comparison of the Gut Microbial Communities of Domestic and Wild Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) Based on High-Throughput Sequencing Technology

The Relationship between Animal Welfare and Farm Profitability in Cage and Free-Range Housing Systems for Laying Hens in China

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