Determination of Bisphenol A in Water by Micro Liquid--Liquid Extraction Followed by Silylation and Gas Chromatography--Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Abstract

A method for the determination of bisphenol A according to the European Union guideline, which establishes a limit of 0.1 ng/mL for organic pollutants in water, is proposed. The method involves a micro liquid-liquid extraction using dichloromethane followed by a silylation step. Identification and quantitation are performed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, using an HP-5MS column. The retention time is 7.02 min. Quantitation is carried out using single-ion monitoring (SIM) at m/z 73, 357, and 372. A clean-up is not necessary using SIM mode. Deuterated anthracene (2H10-anthracene) is used as an internal standard. The method is applied to the determination of bisphenol A at very low concentration levels (10.0-250.0 ng/L) in different types of natural water samples. The detection limit obtained is 0.4 ng/L. Recovery efficiencies are close to 100% in all cases.

Simultaneous Determination of Phenolic Xenoestrogens by Solid-Phase Extraction and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection

“…75 times compared to GC-MS. 2 However, the GC-MS method needs large sample volume and a tedious sample preconcentration step. 12,13 Recently, HPLC-ECD has been developed with higher sensitivity of 0.01 ng/ml obtained from BPA standard solution, 18 but to our knowledge, no publication has described the application of HPLC-ECD to the analysis of plastic material.…”

“…Till now, no paper has described the simultaneous determination of bisphenolic compounds and 4-NP, except one for BPA and BPF. 11 Among the methods for BPA assay, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), 2,12,13 high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-fluorometry 14,15 and HPLC-UV 16,17 methods are commonly used. Recently, HPLC-electrochemical detection (ECD) for determination of BPA has been developed.…”

Rapid degradation of bisphenol A using air as the oxidant catalyzed by polynuclear phthalocyanine complexes under visible light irradiation

“…Bisphenol A [2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane or BPA], which is a compound widely used as the monomer for the production of polycarbonate plastics and as a major component of epoxy resin, is widely suspected to act as an ED [2,3]. The BPA originating from the plastic products and various wastewaters has been found in rivers, lakes and ocean [4][5][6]. The adverse influence of BPA on aquatic animal has been of great concern [7,8].…”

Determination of Bisphenol A in Effluents of Hemodialyzers

“…Krishnan et al [2]have shown that bisphenol A (BPA) can exhibit xenoestrogenic effects in an in vivo cell culture study. There have been many analytical studies on BPA in water and in solvents from environmental water [3, 4], baby food bottles [5]and plastic waste [6]. Polycarbonate and polysulfone are based on BPA.…”