Determination of cadmium, copper, manganese and rubidium in plastic materials by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry using solid sampling

Direct Current Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry for Elemental Characterization of Polymers

“…The necessity of (time-consuming) digestion and the inherent chance of contamination are, however, major disadvantages. Time-saving solid sampling techniques have, therefore, also been used for the analysis of polymers: destructive techniques like graphite furnace AAS 10 and laser ablation ICPOES 5 and ICPMS 11 and nondestructive ones like instrumental neutron activation (INAA) 8 and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). 8 Of all these techniques, XRF is mostly used as a routine tool for production control because of its ability to provide fast and semiquantitative results.…”

Solids Analysis by Gfaas

“…graphite furnace is used. These fairly recent references typically report data based on calibration against aqueous standards (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). Table I highlights the suitability of this approach for the successful determination of many elements in a wide variety of sample matrices.…”

Digestion of Plastic Materials for the Determination of Toxic Metals with a Microwave Oven for Household Use

“…Another approach is the direct analysis of solid samples assayed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with a solid sampling device [13][14][15] by Xray fluorescence 16 or by laser ablation ICP-MS. 17 However, solid sampling presupposes the availability of solid standards for the construction of calibration graphs. The use of organic solvents to dissolve plastics is not applicable for sparingly soluble polymers.…”