Determination of capsaicinoids in peppers by microwave-assisted extraction–high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection

Abstract

A new method has been developed for the extraction of capsaicinoids (nordihydrocapsaicin, capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, homocapsaicin and homodihydrocapsaicin) in peppers employing microwave-assisted extraction. The parameters studied are: extraction solvent (methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate and water), temperature (50-200 • C), sample quantity (0.1-1 g), volume of solvent (15-50 mL) and the extraction time (5-20 min). The results found for the optimum conditions are: 125 • C as extraction temperature, 25 mL of solvent, 0.5 g of freshly triturated peppers and extraction for 5 min, employing 100% ethanol as solvent. The capsaicinoids obtained were stable under the optimised extraction conditions. The resulting method presents a high degree of reproducibility (R.S.D. < 6%).

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of capsaicinoids from peppers

“…Many different techniques have been employed for the extraction of capsaicinoids from pepper, such as maceration [11], magnetic stirring [12], enzymatic extraction [13], ultrasound-assisted extraction [14], Soxhlet [15], extraction by supercritical fluids [16], extraction by pressurized liquids [17] and microwave-assisted extraction [18,19]. The conventional extraction methods, like Soxhlet extraction, which have been employed for decades, need long extraction times and require relatively large quantities of solvent [20].…”

Extraction of Oleoresin from Pungent Red Paprika Under Different Conditions

“…This solvation is due to solvent-analyte interactions during which a solvent acts either as a nucleophile or as an electrophile by donating or accepting electron pairs from the analyte. The research data evidence for hot pepper cultivars indicate that methanol and ethanol are solvents usually used in the extraction of capsaicinoids in various extraction techniques (Barbero et al, 2006;Kirschbamm-Titze et al, 2002;Williams et al 2007). Studies on the solvent influence on pigments extraction from Capsicum fruits ascertained n-hexane and acetone as suitable solvent medium for pigments (Boyadzhiev et al, 1999;Feltl et al, 2005;Tepić et al, 2009).…”

Microwave-Assisted Three-Liquid-Phase Extraction of Diosgenin and Steroidal Saponins from Fermentation Broth of <i>Dioscorea zingiberensis</i> C. H. Wright

“…The MAE system rapidly generates heat, resulting in shorter extraction times and good quality extracts with better target compound recovery [17,18]. The microwave-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction (MAATPE) of total steroids in culture broth yielded by the fermentation of DZW in an ethanol/ammonium sulphate system has been studied by our group.…”