Determination of chlordiazepoxide (Librium) and of a metabolite of lactam character in plasma of humans, dogs, and rats by a specific spectrofluorometric micro method

Radioimmunoassay of Chlordiazepoxide in Plasma

“…The ultimate goal of these investigations was to obtain antibodies of sufficient specificity to obviate the necessity of extracting chlordiazepoxide from plasma for its determination. Thus, the antibodies would have to be specific for chlordiazepoxide in the presence of all of its known plasma metabolites in humans, namely N-desmethylchlordiazepoxide (4), demoxepam (5), and N-desmethyldiazepam (9). Therefore, the antibodies would be required to distinguish structural changes occurring only in the 1,4-diazepine ring or "fingerprint" region.…”

Voltammetric behavior and quantification of the sedative-hypnotic drug chlordiazepoxide in bulk form, pharmaceutical formulation and human serum at a mercury electrode

“…Most of the reported methods [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] to determination of chlordiazepoxide required pretreatment and time-consuming extraction or evaporation steps prior to the analysis, which considered as disadvantages of the trace analysis methods. Furthermore, the reported polarographic procedures [30][31][32][33][34] for determination of the drug in pharmaceutical formulation and toxicological samples are not sufficiently sensitive for convenient application to human biological fluids.…”

“…Because the presence of phenyl rings, benzodiazepines have surface activity and are readily adsorbed onto mercury surface, it is, therefore, not surprising that among other methods that were used to determination of bezodiazepines [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] the electrochemical techniques using a mercury electrode seems to be efficient not only for solution studies but also for quantitative determination [23,24].…”

“…Several analytical methods were described for the determination of chlordiazepoxide in pharmaceutical formulations and plasma samples. These include spectrophotometry [4][5][6][7][8], spectrofluorimetry [9,10] reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography [11][12][13][14][15][16][17], high-performance thin layer chromatography [18], thin layer chromatography [19], liquid chromatography [20,21] and reduction by zinc or cadmium in a continuous system followed by atomic-absorption spectrometric detection [22].…”

High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Chlordiazepoxide and Major Related Impurities in Pharmaceuticals

“…Numerous procedures have been reported for the quantitation of chlordiazepoxide in pharmaceuticals and biological fluids (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). However, none of these methods describes the quantitation of all three compounds.…”