Determination of Chromosome Structures of Genotypes of Perennial Ryegrass (<i>Lolium perenne</i> L.) Selected from Natural Vegetation of Turkey

Abstract

The scope of the present study is to contribute to future breeding studies by determining the relationship between chromosome number and morphology of naturally occurring 18 genotypes of Turkish Lolium perenne. The chromosome number for all the studied genotypes was concurrently determined as 2n=14 (x=7). Their karyotypes showed a predominance of metacentric chromosomes. In the karyotype of one genotype, submetacentric chromosomes were dominant. A total of quantitative asymmetric indices were used to evaluate karyological features of the species. A meaningful dendrogram was carried out to assess the karyotype-symmetry conditions and described the karyotype relationships between different cytotypes. Chromosome lengths in a karyotype were between 1.52-2.95 µm and there was a broad variation in asymmetric index karyotype formula. It may be proposed that the populations of the Turkish perennial ryegrass have quite an important potential relevant to chromosomal variation, and therefore this variation gives essential opportunities to agronomists to develop new cultivars in the future.

History and New Developments on the 90th Anniversary of Cytologia: On the Occasion of the Publication of “Dawn of Modern Wheat Genetics”

“…Several reports on Poaceae have been published in Cytologia over the past 2 years (Gupta, et al 2018, Khah and Verma 2017, Rani et al 2017, Kaur and Gupta 2018, Özer et al 2018, Shiogai et al 2018. A useful review on the wheat genome was published by Tsunewaki in 2018, and the expression profiles of two long noncoding RNAs in salt-stressed barley roots were detailed by Karlik et al (2018) in the same year.…”

Seasonal and Diurnal Regulation of Flowering <i>via</i> an Epigenetic Mechanism in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>

“…Flowering, which is one of the most sophisticated survival mechanisms that evolved in plants, involves meiosis, which can increase the genetic diversity of progeny through recombination due to the pairing of homologous chromosomes (Gupta et al 2017a, b, 2018a, b, Jeelani et al 2017, Kumar et al 2017, Liébana et al 2017, Rani et al 2017, Saggoo and Kaur 2017, Singhal and Kumari 2017, b, Dhaliwal et al 2018a, b, Farooq and Saggoo 2018, b, Kumari and Singhal 2018. Genetic diversity has resulted in the development of various phenotypes depending on environmental factors, and is one of the driving forces responsible for increases in the geographical distribution of certain plant species (Bordbar et al 2017, Shaker et al 2017, Shibata et al 2017, Muakrong et al 2018, Özer et al 2018, Senavongse et al 2018, Tapia-Pastrana et al 2018.…”