Determination of cocaine on banknotes using innovative sample preparation coupled with multiple calibration techniques

Bilko, Jonathan; Deng, Yiwei

doi:10.1002/dta.3326

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…In forensic toxicology, GC-MS is the most commonly applied method due to the large number of compounds that can be easily quantitated without time-consuming sample preparation. The development, validation, and application of a GC-MS method for separating and determining pharmaceuticals and drugs from different classes have already been tested in many studies [8,9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Has something changed about chronic cocaine abuse over time? An instructive example from the forensic collection

et al. 2022

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Introduction Here, we present an illustrative case from the Forensic Museum collection made by Professor Milovan Milovanovic (1884-1948). Museum specimen No 465 represents a jar containing three glass syringes and two small bottles of 10-20 ml, sealed with corks, found in the pockets of the deceased whose autopsy was performed in 1929. Case outline It was a 30-year-old male, found dead in the tavern shed, a former medical student, lieutenant, and Russian ?migr? who came to Belgrade in 1921 following commanding General of the anti-Bolshevik White Army, Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel. He was an alcoholic, drug user, and a member of the so-called Russian cocaine quartet gang. In the autopsy report, Professor Milovanovic described a textbook example of a drug user: extremely malnourished body, skin covered with scabs, multiple "purulent abscesses" and "livid infiltrations", and attenuated nasal septum with mucosa covered with scabs. Internal autopsy findings included fatty liver, pneumonia, and anemia of all internal organs. At the time, the whole brain, tissue of internal organs, and contents from the stomach and intestines were used for the analysis ("the Stas-Otto method for extraction of alkaloids"). Qualitative analyses showed "the presence of cocaine" in all the examined organs, and the analysis of the content from the "cloudy, colorless liquid" found in the dark bottle showed that it contained "0.0113 g of morphinum-hydrochloricum". Conclusion Contemporary analyses of the material from one of the syringes and the transparent glass bottle performed 90 years later showed the presence of cocaine, morphine, and codeine, confirming that the cause of death was drug-related.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Has something changed about chronic cocaine abuse over time? An instructive example from the forensic collection

et al. 2022

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Determination of cocaine on banknotes using innovative sample preparation coupled with multiple calibration techniques

Bilko

Deng

2022

Drug Testing and Analysis

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A method using innovative sample preparation was developed for determination of cocaine on banknotes. Aqueous extraction of cocaine from banknotes was performed using a sonication-enhanced technique. Quantitation of cocaine was achieved using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection at 230 nm, whereas identification was accomplished utilizing gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Multiple calibration techniques, including the external calibration method (ECM), internal standard method (ISM), and standard addition method (SAM) were incorporated into the experimental design to simultaneously determine cocaine contents and assess matrix effects. Statistical paired t tests confirmed that matrix effects were not significant with the sample preparation employed. No damage to the features of the banknotes was observed from the extraction procedure.Extraction efficiency, spike recovery, and detection limit were also determined. The unique experimental design allowed for ECM, ISM, and SAM to concurrently determine the contents of cocaine on banknotes collected around Metro-Detroit. The concentration range of cocaine was from 1.58 to 14.7 μg per note, with an average of 6.96 μg per note. The method is simple and suitable for drug analysis and forensic science applications.

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Development of an electroanalytical methodology for the identification and quantification of cocaine in samples seized using a carbon paste electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes

dos Santos Conceição,

Fernandes Souza dos Santos,

Guilherme Aquino Rodrigues

et al. 2024

Microchemical Journal

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Determination of cocaine on banknotes using innovative sample preparation coupled with multiple calibration techniques

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Has something changed about chronic cocaine abuse over time? An instructive example from the forensic collection

Has something changed about chronic cocaine abuse over time? An instructive example from the forensic collection

Determination of cocaine on banknotes using innovative sample preparation coupled with multiple calibration techniques

Development of an electroanalytical methodology for the identification and quantification of cocaine in samples seized using a carbon paste electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes

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