Determination of ginsenosides in medicinal plants and health supplements by pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) with reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography

Pressurized liquid extraction of active ingredients (ginsenosides) from medicinal plants using non-ionic surfactant solutions

“…When using PLE as the analysis of ginsenosides extraction method, the increase in pressure (from 1 atm to 1500 p.s.i.) appeared to provide a slight A relatively large number of publications can be increase in the individual as well as total peak area found in the literature concerning the determination when compared to those of UAE (10 min extraction), of ginsenosides using various HPLC methods and this increase was more pronounced at a higher [14,[24][25][26][27]. In recent years, the unique cloud-point extraction temperature of 90 and 120 8C.…”

“…Therefore, an important ous ginsenosides into a relatively small volume advantage of using aqueous non-ionic surfactant surfactant-rich phase, which is one of the major solutions as a solvent system in PLE, as opposed to advantages of coupling cloud-point extraction to the use of plain aqueous or organic solvents as various chromatographic techniques when compared reported for PLE methods reported in the literature to other sample preconcentration methods [28][29][30][31]. for the extraction and analysis of chemical subSince the use of traditional medicines / herbal prodstances in medicinal plants [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], is that extraction ucts is becoming more popular worldwide [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] could be carried out at lower temperatures without a and the lack of simple, rapid and reliable analytical significant compromise in extraction efficiency, and methods for the analysis of herbal products appears thus avoiding the degradation of thermally unstable to be a major cause of quality-related problems [32], ingredients in plant materials.…”

“…HowDionex trade name ASE, for accelerated solvent ever, more recently, the distinct advantages of PLE, such as significantly reduced extraction time and low solvent volume requirement, are being exploited in diverse areas, including biology, pharmaceuticals and application area of PLE is in the extraction of 2 . Experimental chemical constituents from plants or herbal materials [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. For instance, the use of water as solvent for 2 .1.…”

“…Also, PLE has been recently applied local herbal shop in Hong Kong. The ginsenoside for the extraction of various chemical ingredients, standards (Rg , Re, Rb , Rc, and Rd) were obtained 1 1 such as berberine [12], aristolochic acids [13] and from the National Institute for the Control of Pharginsenosides [14], from medicinal plants.…”

Pressurized fluid extraction of carotenoids from Haematococcus pluvialis and Dunaliella salina and kavalactones from Piper methysticum

“…Since PFE uses less solvent in a shorter period of time, is automated, and involves retaining the sample in an oxygen and light-free environment, it has the potential to be a powerful tool in the nutraceutical industry. Recent applications have demonstrated the advantage of PFE for the extraction of natural products from plant materials [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Other biological applications include the extraction of fatty acids from plant and animal matrices [10] and the determination of zearalenone mycotoxin in corn * Correspondence author.…”