Determination of HFRs and OPFRs in PM2.5 by ultrasonic-assisted extraction combined with multi-segment column purification and GC-MS/MS

Chen, Yanyan; Chen, Yi Jie; Zhang, Yanhao; Li, Ruijin; Chen, Wei; Shi, Yan; Qi, Zenghua; Chen, Zhi Feng; Cai, Zongwei

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2018.10.025

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…I168O was detected in all these samples at a mean concentration of 264 (SD: 230, range: 11.9–851) ng/m 3 (Table ). The level was significantly ( p < 0.001) higher than the OPEs in PM 2.5 in the same area and the same year (16.7–34.3 ng/m 3 ) . The comparative advantage in concentrations versus OPEs was similar to that in the home dust from Canada and the standard reference material SRM 2585 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate: An Unexpected Abundant Toxic Pollutant Found in PM_2.5

Shi

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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A novel pollutant, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate (I168O), was identified in urban fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) samples in a nontargeted screening based on mass spectrometry for the first time. I168O was detected in all samples collected from two typical cities far away from each other in China. The concentrations of I168O reached up to 851 (median: 153) ng/m 3 , indicating that it was a widespread and abundant pollutant in the air. The antioxidant Irgafos 168 [I168, tris(2,4-di-tertbutylphenyl)phosphite] popularly added in plastics was the most suspected source for the detected I168O. Simulation studies indicated that heating, UV radiation, and water contact might significantly (p < 0.05) transform I168 to I168O. In particular, I168O might be magnificently evaporated into the air at high temperatures. The outdoor inhalation exposure of I168O may exert substantial health risks.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate: An Unexpected Abundant Toxic Pollutant Found in PM_2.5

Shi

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Chlorinated OPFRs, such as TCEP, TCIPP and tris(1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate (TDCIPP), have been shown to be neurotoxic and carcinogenic [59,60,61]. TDCIPP can easily enter the bloodstream, liver, kidneys, and testicles and can induce tumours [62]. It was found that TDCIPP levels in house dust were associated with decreased levels of male thyroid hormone (THs) and elevated levels of prolactin [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of a Class of Emerging Contaminants: The Classification, Distribution, Intensity of Consumption, Synthesis Routes, Environmental Effects and Expectation of Pollution Abatement to Organophosphate Flame Retardants (OPFRs)

Yang

Zhao

et al. 2019

IJMS

184

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Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) have been detected in various environmental matrices and have been identified as emerging contaminants (EC). Given the adverse influence of OPFRs, many researchers have focused on the absorption, bioaccumulation, metabolism, and internal exposure processes of OPFRs in animals and humans. This paper first reviews the evolution of various types of flame retardants (FRs) and the environmental pollution of OPFRs, the different absorption pathways of OPFRs by animals and humans (such as inhalation, ingestion, skin absorption and absorption), and then summarizes the environmental impacts of OPFRs, including their biological toxicity, bioaccumulation, persistence, migration, endocrine disruption and carcinogenicity. Based on limited available data and results, this study also summarizes the bioaccumulation and biomagnification potential of OPFRs in different types of biological and food nets. In addition, a new governance idea for the replacement of existing OPFRs from the source is proposed, seeking environmentally friendly alternatives to OPFRs in order to provide new ideas and theoretical guidance for the removal of OPFRs.

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“…Flame retardants (FRs) include a diverse group of chemicals, which are added to consumer and industrial products, such as furnitures, electronic and electrical equipments, textiles, plastics, antifoaming agents, hydraulic fluids, construction materials, to prevent and minimise fire hazards (Alaee et al, 2003;Covaci et al, 2011;Chen et al, 2019). Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), as well as 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane diastereosomers (HBCDDs) (used mainly in building insulation) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) have historically been the most widely used brominated flameretardants (BFRs) (Covaci et al, 2011;UNEP, 2015;Rauert et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halogenated flame retardants in atmospheric particles from a North African coastal city (Bizerte, Tunisia): Pollution characteristics and human exposure

Barhoumi

Tedetti

Peris

et al. 2020

Atmospheric Pollution Research

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In the present study, atmospheric particle samples were collected between September 2015 and February 2016 from Bizerte city (Tunisia) to investigate the occurrence, potential sources and impacts of a range of flame retardants (FRs), including hexabromocyclododecane diastereoisomers (HBCDDs), new halogenated flame retardants (NHFRs), as well as methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-BDEs). Among 19 examined compounds, 9 congeners (α-HBCDD, β-HBCDD, γ-HBCDD, HBB, DBDPE, syn-DP, anti-DP, 2′-MeO-BDE-68 and 6-MeO-BDE-47) were detected in atmospheric particles at different levels and frequencies. Overall, the average concentration of NHFRs (1.53 pg m −3) was 1.5 and 51 folds higher than that of HBCDDs (1.04 pg m −3) and MeO-BDEs (0.03 pg m −3), respectively. By comparison with other areas of the world, NHFRs and HBCDDs in Bizerte were at medium pollution level, while MeO-BDEs were at lower levels. No significant correlations were found between NHFR, HBCDD and MeO-BDE concentrations, suggesting different sources related on one hand to the biogenic origin of MeO-BDE, and on the other hand to various types and utilisations of imported NHFR-and HBCDD-containing products, as Tunisia does not manufacture FRs. DP and HBCDD diastereoisomer profiles appeared to be divergent from their commercial products, pointing out that a complex degradation or stereoselective transformation processes occurring in ambient air around Bizerte city. The estimated daily human exposure dose (DED) to particle-bound HBCDDs, NHFRs and MeO-BDEs via outdoor air inhalation was generally at low levels. Hence, this study reports for the first time the occurrence and potential impact of HBCDDs, NHFRs and MeO-BDEs in atmospheric particles from North Africa.

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Determination of HFRs and OPFRs in PM2.5 by ultrasonic-assisted extraction combined with multi-segment column purification and GC-MS/MS

Cited by 26 publications

References 40 publications

Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate: An Unexpected Abundant Toxic Pollutant Found in PM_2.5

Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate: An Unexpected Abundant Toxic Pollutant Found in PM_2.5

A Review of a Class of Emerging Contaminants: The Classification, Distribution, Intensity of Consumption, Synthesis Routes, Environmental Effects and Expectation of Pollution Abatement to Organophosphate Flame Retardants (OPFRs)

Halogenated flame retardants in atmospheric particles from a North African coastal city (Bizerte, Tunisia): Pollution characteristics and human exposure

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Determination of HFRs and OPFRs in PM2.5 by ultrasonic-assisted extraction combined with multi-segment column purification and GC-MS/MS

Cited by 26 publications

References 40 publications

Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate: An Unexpected Abundant Toxic Pollutant Found in PM2.5

Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate: An Unexpected Abundant Toxic Pollutant Found in PM2.5

A Review of a Class of Emerging Contaminants: The Classification, Distribution, Intensity of Consumption, Synthesis Routes, Environmental Effects and Expectation of Pollution Abatement to Organophosphate Flame Retardants (OPFRs)

Halogenated flame retardants in atmospheric particles from a North African coastal city (Bizerte, Tunisia): Pollution characteristics and human exposure

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Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate: An Unexpected Abundant Toxic Pollutant Found in PM_2.5

Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate: An Unexpected Abundant Toxic Pollutant Found in PM_2.5