Determination of HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐C, ‐DRB1 and ‐DQB1 allele and haplotype frequencies in heart failure patients

Abstract

Aims Cell therapy can be used to repair functionally impaired organs and tissues in humans. Although autologous cells have an immunological advantage, it is difficult to obtain high cell numbers for therapy. Well‐characterized banks of cells with human leukocyte antigens (HLA) that are representative of a given population are thus needed. The present study investigates the HLA allele and haplotype frequencies in a cohort of heart failure (HF) patients. Methods and results We carried out the HLA typing and the allele and haplotype frequency analysis in 247 ambulatory HF patients. We determined HLA class I (A, B, and C) and class II (DRB1 and DQB1) using next‐generation sequencing technology. The allele frequencies were obtained using Python for Population Genomics (PyPop) software, and HLA haplotypes were estimated using HaploStats. A total of 30 HLA‐A, 56 HLA‐B, 23 HLA‐C, 36 HLA‐DRB1, and 15 HLA‐DQB1 distinct alleles were identified within the studied cohort. The genotype frequencies of all five HLA loci were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. We detected differences in HLA allele frequencies among patients when the etiological cause of HF was considered. There were a total of 494 five‐loci haplotypes, five of which were present six or more times. Moreover, the most common estimated HLA haplotype was HLA‐A*01:01, HLA‐B*08:01, HLA‐C*07:01, HLA‐DRB1*03:01, and HLA‐DQB1*02:01 (6.07% haplotype frequency per patient). Remarkably, the 11 most frequent haplotypes would cover 31.17% of the patients of the cohort in need of allogeneic cell therapy. Conclusions Our findings could be useful for improving allogeneic cell administration outcomes without concomitant immunosuppression.

Evaluation of the Spanish population coverage of a prospective HLA haplobank of induced pluripotent stem cells

“…The HLA haplotype landscape in Spain has been investigated before with small cohorts of patients and healthy individuals [ 21 – 23 ] and a larger cohort of 5458 units of cord blood from the Barcelona Cord Blood Bank, HLA-typed in high resolution [ 24 ].…”

Investigation of hub genes and immune status in heart transplant rejection using endomyocardial biopsies

“…CD44 is also crucial in the development of cardiac remodelling and myocardial fibrosis, which accelerates the progression to heart failure 39 . In addition, HLA‐A and HLA‐B also play potential roles in heart failure 40 . These findings suggest that it is worth investigating the exact role of these hub genes in heart failure following HTx and whether the expression of these hub genes in different myocardial regions has different patterns to affect the development of heart failure following HTx.…”

Bioinformatic HLA Studies in the Context of SARS‐CoV‐2 Pandemic and Review on Association of HLA Alleles with Preexisting Medical Conditions

“…Human-to-human transmission was reported only after the zoonotic transmission of the new virus via animals in the seafood market [1]. Finally, having a higher transmission rate than SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and the high affinity of the viral spike protein for its receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2), WHO announced SARS-CoV-2 as a pandemic on 12 March 2020 [2,3]. Currently, SARS-CoV-2 has spread globally and led to all research focusing on improving methods of the diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, vaccine design, and control of COVID-19 disease.…”

“…HLA alleles are the most highly polymorphic genes, and the heterozygote advantage of HLA genotypes affects their ability to respond to different pathogens and even control or intensify an infectious disease [8,9]. The association of HLA alleles with some viral infections (such as HIV, HBV, H1N1, and HCV) and some chronic diseases is well established [7,[10][11][12][13]. Wang et al showed that HLA-Cw 15 : 02, DR 03 : 01 and HLA-B * 46 : 01, B * 07 : 03, DRB1 * 12 : 02 were associated with resistance and severity of SARS-CoV, respectively [14,15].…”