Determination of Mechanical Properties of Sand Grains by Nanoindentation

Daphalapurkar, Nitin; Wang, F.; Fu, Bo; Lu, Hongbing; Komanduri, R.

doi:10.1007/s11340-010-9373-z

Cited by 96 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The probability density function of measured indentation moduli was subsequently processed with spectral deconvolution in order to obtain Gaussian distribution of expected phases. The mechanical properties of Phases 1-5 in The results are consistent with previously published researches [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Based on these results, maps of indentation moduli over the investigated positions (Fig.…”

Section: Results Interpretationsupporting

confidence: 91%

Micro-Mechanical Performance of Concrete Used as Recycled Raw Material in Cementitious Composite

Hrbek

Koudelková

Prošek

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The reduction of industrial pollution is recently one of main goals over all fields. In civil engineering, re-cycling of structural waste provides wide opportunity contributing this effort. This paper focus on re-use of concrete waste, which after further processing can be used in new constructions as partial supplement to the mixture. To investigate the impact of re-cycled concrete addition, it is necessary to determine mechanical and structural parameters of individual phases in the "raw" material. For this purpose, grid indentation and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM, EDX) are combined to determine properties of concrete sample.

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Section: Results Interpretationsupporting

confidence: 91%

Micro-Mechanical Performance of Concrete Used as Recycled Raw Material in Cementitious Composite

Hrbek

Koudelková

Prošek

et al. 2017

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“…Two possible models are the Mohr-Coulomb model for brittle materials (rock, ceramics etc.) [22][23][24] and the Drucker-Prager cap model for granular materials such as soil and powder [24][25][26], which could be potentially adapted to model the constitutive behavior of sand for simulation of sand under impact loading [27,28].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mass Density on the Compressive Behavior of Dry Sand Under Confinement at High Strain Rates

Luo

Cooper

et al. 2011

Exp Mech

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Dynamic compressive behavior of dry quartz sand (Quikrete #1961 sand quarried in Pensacola, FL) under confinement was characterized using a modified long split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). Sand grains were confined inside a hollow cylinder of hardened steel and capped by cemented tungsten carbide cylindrical rods. This assembly was subjected to repeated shaking to consolidate sand to attain precise bulk mass densities. It is then sandwiched between incident and transmission bars on SHPB for dynamic compression measurements. Sand specimens of five initial mass densities, namely, 1.51, 1.57, 1.63, 1.69, and 1.75 g/cm 3 , were characterized at high strain rates near 600 s −1 , to determine the volumetric and deviatoric behaviors through measurements of both axial and transverse responses of a cylindrical sand sample under confinement. The stress-strain relationship was found to follow a power law relationship with the sand initial bulk density, with an exponent of 8.25, indicating a behavior highly sensitive to mass density. The energy absorption density and compressibility of sand were determined as a function of axial stress.

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“…Various values of apparent moduli are given in Table 3.1. The elastic modulus of sand, obtained from nanoindentation experiments conducted on single sand grains by Daphalapurkar et al [17], is ∼90 GPa, with values ranging from 70 to 110 GPa. This closely matches with the value of apparent E obtained at ρ = 1.70 g/cm 3 , which is 104 GPa.…”

Section: Effect Of Initial Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the mechanical properties of the grains can change due to changes with the mineral composition, size, defects and crystal structure in sand grains. The larger grains may contain defects in the form of voids, ridges and cracks, yielding mechanical properties different from the smaller grain sizes [17] . The small sand grains usually stay at the top layers and may be affected more by wind and chemicals it carries.…”

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Mechanics of Granular Materials: Experimentation and Simulations for Determining the Compressive and Shear Behaviors of Sand at Granular and Meso Scales

Komanduri¹,

Lu²,

Subramanian³

et al. 2011

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We present the results of experiments conducted to study the compressive and shear behavior of sand. Static and dynamic studies on the compression of sand grains were conducted. Nanoindentation was performed on single grains on sand of different sizes in order to determine the elastic and fracture properties of individual sand grains. Finite Element method (FEM) was used to solve the inverse problem so as to obtain the material properties from the load-displacement curves obtained from nanoindentation experiments. We also report the results of quasi-static compression tests conducted on sand held in a passive confinement. An in-house built compression fixture enabled the compression of sand grains up to axial stresses as high as 3 GPa. The results of tests conducted to study the dynamic behavior of ensemble to sand grains to compressive loading are also presented. Dynamic compression tests at strain rates of ∼700 s −1 were performed using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). Characterization of sand grains based on initial packaging density, moisture content and different confinement materials were performed. In-situ quasi-static compression of sand grains along with X-ray micro-computed tomography was performed. Images from the tomographs were combined with the axial stress-strain data to explain various phenomenon such as re-arrangement and eventual fracture of grains during compression. Results obtained from various experiments performed in the course of this study would serve to validate the analytical models on mechanical behavior of sand. IntroductionGranular or particulate materials are ensembles of discrete macroscopic particles that respond to external forces only via inter-particle contact forces. They resemble solids as they behave rigidly under compression due to grain interlocking. Due to discrete and unbonded nature of the grains, they cannot withstand any load under tension. When the interlocking between the grains collapse, they lose resistance to shear loading and exhibit flow behavior similar to that of a viscous fluid. The solid-liquid transitional behavior of 2 the granular materials can be observed in grains stored in silos to landslides. They resemble liquids by assuming the shape of the container that they are stored and resemble gases as they lack intergranular cohesion. Jaeger et al. describe granular materials as "unusual" solids, liquids or gases [31]. They describe granular materials as a unique state of matter. The study of granular materials is currently active in various fields of engineering and sciences; including physics, geophysics, mechanics, and pharmaceuticals. Sand is a granular material found abundantly in nature. It has a hard structure with particle size varying between 7.5 µm and 4.75 mm. It primarily consists of silica (SiO 2 ) while other constituents, such as magnetite, gypsum, chlorite are present in minor quantities and vary from one geographic location to the other. Sand is usually described by their composition, morphology (shape), size, color, and text...

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Determination of Mechanical Properties of Sand Grains by Nanoindentation

Cited by 96 publications

References 39 publications

Micro-Mechanical Performance of Concrete Used as Recycled Raw Material in Cementitious Composite

Micro-Mechanical Performance of Concrete Used as Recycled Raw Material in Cementitious Composite

Effect of Mass Density on the Compressive Behavior of Dry Sand Under Confinement at High Strain Rates

Mechanics of Granular Materials: Experimentation and Simulations for Determining the Compressive and Shear Behaviors of Sand at Granular and Meso Scales

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