Determination of mercury in aquatic ecosystems

Temerev, Sergey

doi:10.1134/s1061934808030180

J Anal Chem

2008

DOI: 10.1134/s1061934808030180

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Determination of mercury in aquatic ecosystems

Sergey Temerev

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“…The efficient extraction of Hg(II), Sc, Sn(II), and Sn(IV) in the segregable sys tem with antipyrine and SSA made it possible to pro pose procedures for their quantitative determination with Dithizone, xylenol orange, and morin, respec tively [33,34]. This system found practical application in the photometric, voltammetric, and atomic absorption determination of Hg, Se, Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, nitrite ions, and phenols in environmental samples (soils, plants, and aquatic ecosystems) [35][36][37][38][39][40][41].…”

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Phase and extraction equilibriums in aqueous segregable systems with protolytic interaction

2015

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The major advantage of aqueous segregable sys tems with protolytic interaction over traditional extraction systems is the absence of organic solvents. The low toxicity of pyrazolone derivatives and some organic acids reacting with them, for example, sul fosalicylic and naphthalene 2 sulfonic acids, is responsible for the safety of extraction processes and compliance with green chemistry requirements.Extraction systems without an organic solvent belong to multicomponent systems, in which separa tion into two liquid phases is observed at certain com ponent concentrations. The most complete picture of phase equilibriums in these systems, which is neces sary for the optimization of extraction processes, can be obtained using physicochemical analysis and the construction of corresponding solubility diagrams. These diagrams make it possible not only to determine the boundaries of a segregation region and a numerical ratio between phase volumes in the system but also to make conclusions on interactions between the com ponents.Systems with antipyrine. For the first time, the presence of an equilibrium region of two liquid phases in the water-antipyrine-organic acid ternary systems was established in the 1950s. Chloral hydrate [1], ben zoic acid [2], salycilic acid [3], phenol [4], and resor cinol [5] were used as acidic components. Many of the test systems were separated into two liquid phases only at elevated temperatures. The presence of the liquid two phase equilibrium region in the water-antipy rine-organic acid ternary systems makes them poten tially suitable for the extraction of metal ions. Extrac tion can occur due to the formation of both cationic complexes with antipyrine and the ion associates of metal acid complexes with the protonated form of the reagent. Studies on the extraction capabilities of these systems were initiated at the Department of Analytical Chemistry of the Perm University in the early 1980s [6].As an example, Fig. 1 shows a solubility diagram of the water-antipyrine-naphthalene 2 sulfonic acid (NSA) system. The liquid two phase equilibrium region (II) (16.7% of the total area of the diagram) is surrounded from all sides by the region of homoge neous solutions (I) (41.2%). We failed to examine in detail the bottom part of the concentration triangle with high concentrations of solid components because of a long equilibration time and difficulty in phase sep aration. The eutonic and peritonic compositions were not determined; therefore, the boundary lines of crys tallization fields were drawn tentatively.It is possible to assume the occurrence of the crys tallization fields of antipyrine (III) and NSA (IV); the crystal hydrates of antipyrine (VIII) and NSA (XI); the chemical compound antipyrine⋅NSA (VII); the three phase equilibrium of the crystals of antipyrine, the chemical compound antipyrine⋅NSA, and a solu tion of the composition E 1 (V); the crystals of NSA, the chemical compound, and a solution of the compo sition Е 2 (VI); the crystallization of antipyrine, its Abstract-Data on aqueous ...

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Phase and extraction equilibriums in aqueous segregable systems with protolytic interaction

2015

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Group preconcentration of ions from acid aqueous solutions with a low-melting extractant

2017

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Method Development for the Chromatographic analysis of a Two-Component Tablet Formulation Using Chemometric Optimization Technique

Selimoğlu

Saritaş

Dinç³

2021

Sakarya University Journal of Science

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A novel chromatographic method, ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was improved to determine sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in a two-component tablet formulation. In the implemented of the method, the chromatographic parameters were optimized by using the experimental design and optimization procedure. The central composite design and fitting model was applied to identify the suitable chromatographic conditions providing a desirable elution of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in a chromatogram. In the central composite design, temperature, flow rate and buffer% were selected as the effective factors on the chromatographic resolution. The buffer system was the mixture of 0.1 M CH3COOH and CH3COONa (pH 4.75) in mobile phase system. In the optimization step, the chromatographic conditions were found to be 0.20 mL/min for flow rate, 38.0 °C for the column temperature and 66% for the acetate buffer system (v/v) in the mobile phase. Analysis of the investigated drugs was accomplished on a stationary phase based on Waters BEH C18 column (50 mm-2.1 mm, 1.7 mm i.d.). In the validation step, recovery study was performed by analyzing the synthetic binary mixture of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. Recovery results were found as 99.12% for sulfamethoxazole and 99.44% for trimethoprim. Assay results showed that the optimized chromatographic technique was very suitable for the quantitation of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in tablets.

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Determination of mercury in aquatic ecosystems

Cited by 3 publications

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Phase and extraction equilibriums in aqueous segregable systems with protolytic interaction

Phase and extraction equilibriums in aqueous segregable systems with protolytic interaction

Group preconcentration of ions from acid aqueous solutions with a low-melting extractant

Method Development for the Chromatographic analysis of a Two-Component Tablet Formulation Using Chemometric Optimization Technique

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