Determination of Multiclass Pesticide Residues in Apple Juice by Gas Chromatography-Mass Selective Detection after Extraction by Matrix Solid-Phase Dispersion

Abstract

A multiresidue method is described for the analysis of 106 multiclass pesticides (organochlorine, organophosphate, carbamate, pyrethroid, and triazine classes) in apple juice in a single injection. The determination procedure was based on matrix solid-phase dispersion of juice on diatomaceous earth in a glass column and subsequent extraction with a mixture of hexane–dichloromethane (1 + 1) at a flow rate of 5 mL/min. The analytes were determined by capillary gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection and confirmed by their retention times and ion ratios. The coefficients of variation for analysis of samples fortified over the range of 0.01–0.2 mg/kg were 1.62 to 18.4%, and the recoveries for all analytes were between 70 and 110%.

Optimization and development of SPE-HPLC-DAD method for the determination of atrazine, malathion, fenitrothion and parathion pesticide residues in apple juice

“…Multiresidue methods for the analysis of the different classes of pesticides (including organophosphorus and triazines) in fruits, vegetables, and their juices have been developed using gas chromatography (GC) with mass spectrometry (MS) [5][6][7][8][9], nitrogen-phosphorus detection (NPD) [4,10], flame photometric detection (FPD) [11,12], electron capture detection (ECD) [13,14], and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/ MS) [15][16][17]. HPLC-DAD is a chromatography technique that is also used for the determination of organophosphorus [18] and triazine [19,20] residues in environmental and food samples.…”

“…Prior to a GC or LC analysis, samples require extraction and purification, and the most widely used technique for the determination of organophosphorus and triazine pesticide residues is based on liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) [21], solid-phase extraction (SPE) [16,22,23], solid-phase microextraction (SPME) [24], matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) [8], etc. In the majority of studies, C-18 bonded silica and styrene-divinylbenzene copolymers sorbent are usually used for the SPE of pesticide residues [25].…”

Thermal dissociation atmospheric chemical ionization ion trap mass spectrometry with a miniature source for selective trace detection of dimethoate in fruit juices

“…In recent years, monitoring dimethoate and similar pesticide residues in food has become a very important governmental task in some countries. A wide variety of analytical methods have been developed for determination of pesticide residues in fruits, vegetables, and fruit juices, such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, [1][2][3] liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, [4][5][6] liquid-liquid microextraction chromatography, 7 liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), 8 solid-phase microextraction (SPME), 9 matrix solid-phase dispersion method (MSPD), 10 enzyme inhibition, 11 and so on. However, complicated sample pretreatments such as extraction and purication required by these traditional techniques for complex sample analysis make the whole analysis process laborious and time consuming (>40 min), making it difficult to achieve fast detection of pesticide residues in complex food samples.…”