Determination of paracetamol and its metabolites in urine by high-performance liquid chromatography using ion-pair systems

Knox, John H.; Jurand, Jadwiga

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(00)80994-2

Cited by 85 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…On the same occasion venous blood samples were taken from an indwelling cannula before and with 15 min intervals after the end of 'the meal' ingestion. Serum was separated and stored at -20d C until measurement of serum paracetamol concentration was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (Knox & Jurand, 1978). Statistics The relationships were assessed by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between gastric emptying of semisolids and paracetamol absorption.

Petring¹,

Adelhøj²,

Ibsen³

et al. 1986

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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The relationship between gastric emptying rate of semisolid Tc‐99m labelled Chelex‐100 resin/oatmeal and paracetamol absorption was determined simultaneously in seven healthy volunteers. There was no significant correlation between the half‐time of gastric emptying and the time of the peak serum paracetamol concentration. There was no significant correlation between the area under the serum paracetamol concentrations at 60 and 90 min and the % meal emptied in 60 and 90 min respectively. Three subjects showed a lag phase in gastric emptying pattern, while the other four showed the emptying curves without evidence of a delayed phase of emptying. Individual values of gastric emptying determined by the methods varied widely.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between gastric emptying of semisolids and paracetamol absorption.

Petring¹,

Adelhøj²,

Ibsen³

et al. 1986

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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“…Venous blood was taken at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 min and 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 h. Urine was collected at 0, 0-1, 1-2, 2-3, 3-4, 4-6, 6-8, 8-10, 10-12 and 12-24 h. Plasma and urine were stored at -20°C until assayed for paracetamol and its glucuronide, sulphate, mercapturic acid and cysteine conjugates by modification of the high-pressure liquid chromatographic methods of Adriaenssens & Prescott (1978) and Knox & Jurand (1978). In order to measure low urinary concentrations of the sulphate conjugate in the presence of interfering compounds, its retention was increased by the use of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as counter-ion; electrochemical detectiotn (Model LC-4A, Bioanalytical Systems Inc.) was used to increase sensitivity and selectivity for unchanged paracetamol and the mercapturic acid and cysteine conjugates.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of sulphate conjugation in the metabolism and disposition of oral and intravenous paracetamol in man.

Clements¹,

Critchley²,

Prescott³

1984

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1 The effects of paracetamol dose (5 and 20 mg/kg) and route of administration (intravenous and oral) on the urinary excretion of paracetamol and its glucuronide, sulphate, cysteine and mercapturic acid conjugates were studied in five healthy subjects. 2 The fractional urinary excretion of unchanged paracetamol and its conjugates was independent of the route of administration at both dose levels, suggesting that the gastrointestinal tract is not an important site for paracetamol metabolism. 3 The percentage of the dose excreted as the sulphate conjugate was significantly higher after 5 than after 20 mg/kg (37.7% and 33.3% respectively) and this is consistent with saturation of sulphate conjugation. 4 No significant effect of paracetamol dose upon the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), corrected for dose, was found for the sulphate or glucuronide conjugates. 5 The total plasma clearance of paracetamol and the renal clearance of the sulphate conjugate were significantly higher after the 5 than the 20 mg/kg dose (331 + 42 ml/min and 295 ± 48 mlmin; 273 + 74 m/min and 205 ± 46 ml/min respectively). 6 The oral systemic availability of paracetamol was 80% and independent of dose.

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“…Although it is debatable whether the paracetamol/dextropropoxyphene combination is superior to paracetamol alone,1, 2 nevertheless, such combination products have been widely used. Numerous analytical methods for plasma paracetamol concentration determination have been reported 3–10. The majority of these are based on high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) 5–10.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous determination of paracetamol and dextropropoxyphene in human plasma by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry: application to clinical bioequivalence studies

Yin

Lam

Chow

2005

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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A liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry method for simultaneous determination of paracetamol and dextropropoxyphene in human plasma is described. Paracetamol and dextropropoxyphene, together with their internal standards (tolbutamide and pyrroliphene), were extracted from 0.5 mL of plasma using solid-phase extraction. The chromatography was performed using a Thermo Hypersil APS-2 Amino column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.4% glacial acetic acid in water (20:80). The total run time was 6 min for each sample. The triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer was operated in both positive (for detection of dextropropoxyphene and its IS pyrroliphene) and negative (for detection of paracetamol and its IS tolbutamide) modes using a polarity-switching technique. Multiple reaction monitoring was used for quantification. The method was linear over the concentration range of 0.1-20 microg/mL for paracetamol and 0.5-80 ng/mL for dextropropoxyphene. The intra- and inter-day precision were less than 10%, and the accuracy ranged from 92.2-110.9%. The lower limits of quantification were 0.1 microg/mL for paracetamol and 0.5 ng/mL for dextropropoxyphene. The present method provides a robust, fast and sensitive analytical tool for both paracetamol and dextropropoxyphene, and has been successfully applied to a clinical bioequivalence study in 14 subjects.

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Determination of paracetamol and its metabolites in urine by high-performance liquid chromatography using ion-pair systems

Cited by 85 publications

References 8 publications

The relationship between gastric emptying of semisolids and paracetamol absorption.

The relationship between gastric emptying of semisolids and paracetamol absorption.

The role of sulphate conjugation in the metabolism and disposition of oral and intravenous paracetamol in man.

Simultaneous determination of paracetamol and dextropropoxyphene in human plasma by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry: application to clinical bioequivalence studies

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