Determination of particle-associated hydroxynitropyrenes with correction for chemical degradation on a quartz fibre filter during high volume air sampling

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

2011

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Polycyclic aromatic compounds are ubiquitous atmospheric pollutants with toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic properties. They are produced from chemical reactions of their parent compounds in the atmosphere as well as from a wide variety of anthropogenic sources such as fuel combustions. The present review is mainly concerned with several reaction pathways regarding secondary formation of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) derivatives, i.e., formation of mutagenic nitrated PAHs, 1-and 2-nitrotriphenylene, via gas-phase OH or NO 3 radical-initiated reactions of the parent triphenylene, atmospheric formation of hydroxynitropyrenes from a photochemical reaction of 1-nitropyrene, and photochemical degradation of selected nitrated and oxygenated PAHs on airborne particles under simulated solar UV-irradiation.

Section: Atmospheric Formation Of Hydroxynitropyrenes From a Photochementioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Chemistry of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Compounds

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

2011

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“…Several isomers of OHNP ( Fig. 5), such as 1-hydroxy-3-nitropyrene (1-OH-3-NP), 1-hydroxy-6-nitropyrene (1-OH-6-NP), and 1-hydroxy-8-nitropyrene (1-OH-8-NP) have also been observed on airborne particles (Gibson et al, 1986;Kameda et al, 2010) and on diesel exhaust particles (DEP) (Schuetzle, 1983;Schuetzle et al, 1985;Manabe et al, 1985). Several studies have found that most OHNP isomers have lower mutagenic activity than the parent 1-NP (Rosser et al, 1996;Manabe et al, 1985;Ball et al, 1985).…”

Section: Atmospheric Formation Of Hydroxynitropyrenes From a Photochementioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Reactions of PAH Derivatives: Formation and Degradation

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

2018

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Polycyclic aromatic compounds are ubiquitous atmospheric pollutants with toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic properties. They are produced from chemical reactions of their parent or related compounds in the atmosphere as well as from a wide variety of anthropogenic sources such as fuel combustions. In this chapter, chemical reaction pathways for the atmospheric secondary formation of several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) derivatives, i.e., gas-phase formation of mutagenic 1-and 2-nitrotriphenylene via OH or NO3 radical-initiated reactions of the parent triphenylene, formation of carcinogenic 1-nitropyrene from heterogeneous nitration of pyrene on mineral dust aerosols, atmospheric formation of hydroxynitropyrenes from a photochemical reaction of 1-nitropyrene, and photochemical degradation of selected nitrated and oxygenated PAHs on airborne particles under simulated solar UV-irradiation, are addressed.

“…During their atmospheric transport, PAHs and NPAHs were converted to other compounds such as their hydroxylated derivatives in the presence of NOx, sunlight or other co-existing compounds such as yellow sand. Some of these compounds were considered to cause respiratory and cardiovascular symptoms (40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45).…”

Section: Long-range Transport Of Pahs and Npahs From The Asian Continmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Behaviors of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in East Asia

Hayakawa

Tang

et al. 2014

Genes and Environment

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Airborne particulates have been continuously collected at four cities in Japan starting in the late 1990s, at major cities in China, Korea and Russia starting in 2001 and at Noto peninsula starting in 2004. After extracting and cleaning up particulates, nine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and eleven nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) were determined by HPLC with ‰uorescence and chemiluminescence detections, respectively. Annual concentrations of PAHs and NPAHs at the cities were in the order, China＞Russia＞Korea＞Japan. Concentrations of PAHs and NPAHs in Japanese cities sig-niˆcantly decreased but diŠerent tendencies were observed in Chinese and Russian cities. On the Noto peninsula, which is in the main path of winter northwest winds and a year-round jet stream that blow from the Asian continent to Japan, the concentrations of PAHs and NPAHs were high in winter and low in summer every year. A cluster analysis and back trajectory analysis indicated that PAHs and NPAHs at the Noto peninsula in winter mainly came from coal burning systems in Northeast China.