Determination of Pharmaceutical Pollutants in River Environment by the SPELC- MS/MS Method: A Mini Review

Abstract

Recently, new pollution problems due to the presence of pharmaceuticals in the water environment have been reported, and research aimed at understanding the status of this pollution and assessing and dealing with the associated environmental risks is receiving worldwide attention. Because their concentrations in the water environment are quite low (roughly in the range from ng/L to μg/L), a method of highly sensitive and highly selective multicomponent simultaneous analysis is indispensable for detecting and quantifying these products. Here, I summarize the findings of previous research and case study analyses to date of an analytical method that combines solid phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography -tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); this is a versatile and reliable method of detecting and quantifying pharmaceutical pollutants in river water and wastewater samples. I also discuss the prospects for environmental analysis techniques. Urban wastewater treatment plants as hotspots for the release of antibiotics in the environment: A review. Water Res 47: 957-995. Citation: Azuma and Mino (2015) Determination of Pharmaceutical Pollutants in River Environment by the SPE-LC-MS/MS Method: A Mini Review. J Environ Anal Chem 2: 125.

Bioremedijacija farmaceutske otpadne vode

“…Njihova prisutnost u vodenim površinama, posebice u vodi za piće, postaje zabrinjavajuća zbog mogućeg negativnog utjecaja na ekosustav i kroničnog djelovanja na ljudsko zdravlje. 5,6 Kao jedan od većih izvora farmaceutika u okolišu navodi se farmaceutska industrija koja se, zbog velike potražnje za lijekovima, sve više razvija. 7 Farmaceutske otpadne vode nastale u proizvodnji sadrže specifična onečišćenja poput neizreagiranih reaktanata, organskih otapala, međuprodukata te ostataka pomoćnih i farmaceutskih djelatnih tvari.…”

“…U drugoj polovici dvadesetog stoljeća dokazana je i njihova prisutnost u okolišu 8,23 u koncentracijama od nekoliko ng dm −3 do nekoliko µg dm −3 , što dodatno otežava dokazivanje njihove prisutnosti. 5 Jednom kada dospiju u okoliš, farmaceutici mogu biti akumulirani u tlu 24 ili prenošeni površinskim i podzemnim vodama do krajnjih korisnika, ljudi i životinja. Prisutnost različitih analgetika, antibiotika te citostatskih lijekova u površinskim vodama diljem Europe i svijeta uzrokovalo je negativne učinke na okolišne organizme, što je potaknulo zabrinutost znanstvenika diljem svijeta.…”