Determination of phenols in lake and ground water samples by stir bar sorptive extraction–thermal desorption–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Montero, Larisse; Conradi, S.; Weiß, Holger; Popp, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2005.01.097

Cited by 94 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Table 1 summarizes the SBSE methods used in environmental analyses. Successful applications include volatile aromatics [17,38], halogenated solvents [17,38], PAHs [18][19][20][21]43,44,67,73], PCBs [75], organochlorine pesticide (OCPs) and organophosphorus pesticide (OPPs) or insecticides [76], pyrethroid pesticides [55], odorous compounds [77,78], organotin compounds [79] and EDCs [53,54], such as alkylphenols (APs) [54,66,73,79], BPA [54,62,65,66], chlorophenols (CPs) [60,65,68] and estrogens [63,64].…”

Section: Environmental Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The simultaneous determination of sub g l −1 EDCs in water sample by using SBSE and LD followed by GC-MS with LVI was reported [53,54]. In addition, phenolic xenoestrogens, such as NP, OP, BPA and CPs, in water sample were determined by SBSE or SBSE with in situ derivatization followed by the TD-GC-MS method (LOD = sub ng l −1 level) [60,62,65,66,68,79]. Moreover, the determination of APs in river water by SBSE and TD with in tube derivatization followed by GC-MS was reported (LOD = 0.2-10 pg ml −1 ) [73].…”

Section: Environmental Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, SBSE with in situ derivatization, wherein derivatization and SBSE are performed at the same time, was developed [48,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69]. The derivatization of a phenolic hydroxyl group with acetic acid anhydride (AA) [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68], a carboxyl group with ethyl chloroformate (ECF) [56][57][58] and carbonyl compounds with O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine (PFBHA) [48] has been reported. In addition, the determination of organotin in water sample by SBSE with in situ derivatization using sodium tetraethylborate (NaBET 4 ) has been reported [69].…”

Section: Sbse With In Situ Derivatizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Novel stir bar sorptive extraction methods for environmental and biomedical analysis

Kawaguchi

Ito

Saito

et al. 2006

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

201

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Section: Environmental Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sbse With In Situ Derivatizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Novel stir bar sorptive extraction methods for environmental and biomedical analysis

Kawaguchi

Ito

Saito

et al. 2006

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

201

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Phenolic compounds were at trace or low concentration levels in the water samples, so one of the most important requirements is to find a suitable sample preparation technique that allows the separation of phenolic compounds from the sample matrix [18]. Development of SPE procedures, which are able to enrich water with quantitative recoveries for priority phenolic compounds, remains an elusive goal.…”

Section: Methods For Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous analysis of 50 phenols in wastewater using deconvolution technology

Zhong

Wang

et al. 2011

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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Phenolic compounds exist widely in the influents and effluents of sewage treatment plants (STPs) and most are un-regulated. In this study, a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for the simultaneous analysis of 50 phenolic compounds in wastewater was developed. Deconvolution technology was used to identify contaminants that are covered by co-extracted materials. A mass spectral library containing all 50 silylated phenolic compounds was first established and used for deconvolution. Twelve typical phenolic compounds were selected to optimize the sample preparation procedures. Solid-phase extraction using a C18 cartridge coupled with an HLB cartridge was used for pre-concentration and dichloromethane was used for elution. The solutes were derivatized and analyzed by GC-MS. The blank and matrix spike recoveries ranged from 57.46% to 136.4% and 47.87% to 114.8%, respectively. Method detection limits ranged from 3.64 to 97.64 ng L -1 . The relative standard deviations of all the recovery experiments were lower than 13.6%. The instrument limits of quantification ranged from 0.7 to 87.7 pg. The method has been applied to analyze the influents and effluents of 5 Chinese STPs. Except for regulated phenolic compounds (phenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol), three un-regulated phenolic compounds, including 2-chlorophenol, 2,5-dichlorophenol and 2,4-dichloro-3-ethyl-6-nitrophenol were identified in the effluent wastewater. The detected concentrations of un-regulated phenolic compounds could possibly cause environmental effects, indicating that immediate attention is required to prevent complications. identify, quantify, phenolic compounds, deconvolution, wastewater Citation:Zhong W J, Wang D H, Xu X W, et al. A gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous analysis of 50 phenols in wastewater using deconvolution technology.

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“…These methods are time-consuming and require the large amount of toxic solvents that is environmental unfriendly. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) [3,4], headspace solid-phase microextraction (HSPME) [5] and stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) [6,7], are solvent free. In single drop microextraction (SDME) [8] at the fast stirring, organic drop is broken up, and air bubbles are formed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound assisted cold-induced aggregation: an improved method for trace determination of volatile phenol

et al. 2012

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We report on a simple, rapid and efficient extraction procedure, referred to as ultrasound-assisted cold-induced aggregation (USA-CIAME), for the extraction of phenol from aqueous samples. In this method, very small amounts of the ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (the extractant) are dissolved in a sample solution containing phenol and ultrasonicated for 1 min. The solution is cooled in an ice bath upon which a cloudy solution forms. Following centrifugation, the extractant phase settles at the bottom of a conical-bottom centrifuge tube. Phenol is photometrically determined after its chromogenic reaction with 4-aminoantipyrine in the presences of hexacyanoferrate at pH 10.0. Compared to the conventional cold-induced aggregation microextraction (CIAME) and dispersive liquid liquid microextraction (DLLME), the optimized approach displays the highest extraction efficiency at room temperature, and the shortest extraction time (5 min). Key parameters affecting the performance were evaluated and optimized. Under optimum conditions, the limit of detection of phenol is 0.86 μg L −1 , and the enrichment factor is 75. The calibration graph as linear over the range from 3 to 150 μg L −1 , and the relative standard deviation is 2.65% (n05). The method was successfully applied to the determination of phenol in water samples.

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Determination of phenols in lake and ground water samples by stir bar sorptive extraction–thermal desorption–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Cited by 94 publications

References 17 publications

Novel stir bar sorptive extraction methods for environmental and biomedical analysis

Novel stir bar sorptive extraction methods for environmental and biomedical analysis

A gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous analysis of 50 phenols in wastewater using deconvolution technology

Ultrasound assisted cold-induced aggregation: an improved method for trace determination of volatile phenol

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