Determination of plasma free fatty acids, free cholesterol, cholesteryl esters, and triacylglycerols directly from total lipid extract by capillary gas chromatography

Lohninger, Alfred; Preis, Peter; Linhart, Leopold; Sommoggy, Stephan V.; Landau, Michael; Kaiser, E.

doi:10.1016/0003-2697(90)90074-j

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This rapid and sensitive technique avoids further sample. 19 Intra-and inter-assay coefficients of variation were less than 3% and less than 5% for FFA and less than 3% and less than 7% for free cholesterol, respectively. For the determination of free and short-chain acylcarnitine a perchloric acid extract of a part of the frozen livers was used.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…18 FFA, triglyceride molecular species, free cholesterol, and cholesteryl esters were quantified directly from total lipid extracts by capillary gas chromatography. 19 Briefly, for the determination of FFA the programmed temperature vaporizer injector was heated from 40°C (sample introduction) to 190°C. In a second gas chromatographic run the injector was heated from 60°C (sample introduction) to 340°C to allow determination of lipid classes other than phospholipids.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Short–Term Leptin Exposure on Triglyceride Deposition in Rat Liver

et al. 2000

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Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Short–Term Leptin Exposure on Triglyceride Deposition in Rat Liver

et al. 2000

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“…Phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine was used as an internal standard for quantification. Neutral lipids, including triacylglycerols, cholesterol, and cholesteryl esters, were measured by gas-liquid chromatography (10).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Embryonic Lethality Caused by Disruption of the Gene for Choline Kinase α, the First Enzyme in Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis

Aoyama

Young

et al. 2008

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Choline kinase ␣ (CK-␣) is one of two mammalian enzymes that catalyze the phosphorylation of choline to phosphocholine in the biosynthesis of the major membrane phospholipid, phosphatidylcholine. We created mice lacking CK-␣ with an embryonic stem cell line containing an insertional mutation in the gene for CK-␣ (Chka). Embryos homozygous for the mutant Chka allele were recovered at the blastocyst stage, but not at embryonic day 7.5, indicating that CK-␣ is crucial for the early development of mouse embryos. Heterozygous mutant mice (Chka ؉/؊ ) appeared entirely normal in their embryonic development and gross anatomy, and they were fertile. Although choline kinase activity was decreased by ϳ30%, the amount of phosphatidylcholine in cells and the levels of other enzymes involved in phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis were unaffected. Phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis measured by choline incorporation into hepatocytes was also not compromised in Chka ؉/؊ mice. Enhanced levels of choline and attenuated levels of phosphocholine were observed in both the livers and testes of Chka ؉/؊ mice. Triacylglycerol and cholesterol ester were elevated ϳ2-fold in the livers, whereas neutral lipid profiles in plasma were similar in Chka ؉/؊ and wild-type (Chka ؉/؉ ) mice. Thus, Chka is an essential gene for early embryonic development, but adult mice do not require full expression of the gene for normal levels of phosphatidylcholine.

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“…FFAs and triglycerides (TGs) were determined by capillary gas chromatography with two different columns in two separate runs using a programmed temperature vaporizer injector, enabling the injection of total lipid extract directly, as described previously [24]. For FFA separation, a 15-meter (0.32 mm i.d.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Combination of (ω–3) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Polyphenols and <i>L</i>-Carnitine Reduces the Plasma Lipid Levels and Increases the Expression of Genes Involved in Fatty Acid Oxidation in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and HepG2 Cells

Radler¹,

Stangl²,

Lechner³

et al. 2011

Ann Nutr Metab

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Background: Hyperlipidemia and obesity are associated with metabolic syndrome and increased risk in developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Nutritional supplements, e.g. L-carnitine and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), exert lipid-lowering effects. Hence, the hypothesis that dietetic intervention reduces plasma lipid levels and metabolic enzymes in overweight hyperlipidemic subjects was tested. Subjects and Methods: In a prospective placebo-controlled double-blind study in 22 moderately hyperlipidemic obese humans consuming low-fat yoghurt enriched with a combination of low-dose PUFAs, polyphenols and L-carnitine (PPC) twice a day for 12 weeks were compared to 20 matching participants ingesting low-fat yoghurt. The effects on plasma lipids and expression of enzymes involved in regulation of fatty acid oxidation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and HepG2 cells were evaluated. Results: PPC consumption led to significantly reduced plasma free fatty acid (–29%) and triglyceride (–24%) concentrations (each p < 0.05). PPC application increased significantly peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) mRNA abundances and those of PPARα target genes (carnitine palmitoyltransferases-1, CPT1A and CPT1B, carnitine acetyltransferase and organic cation transporter 2; each p < 0.05) in PBMCs. In controls, plasma lipid levels and PBMC gene expression did not change. These findings were substantiated by the results of cell culture experiments in HepG2 cells. Conclusion: Supplementation of PPC had marked lipid-lowering effects and PBMC gene expression profiles seemed to reflect nutrition-related metabolic changes.

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Determination of plasma free fatty acids, free cholesterol, cholesteryl esters, and triacylglycerols directly from total lipid extract by capillary gas chromatography

Cited by 28 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of Short–Term Leptin Exposure on Triglyceride Deposition in Rat Liver

Effects of Short–Term Leptin Exposure on Triglyceride Deposition in Rat Liver

Early Embryonic Lethality Caused by Disruption of the Gene for Choline Kinase α, the First Enzyme in Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis

A Combination of (ω–3) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Polyphenols and <i>L</i>-Carnitine Reduces the Plasma Lipid Levels and Increases the Expression of Genes Involved in Fatty Acid Oxidation in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and HepG2 Cells

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