Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in marine biological tissues using microwave-assisted extraction

Evaluation of Soxhlet extraction, accelerated solvent extraction and microwave-assisted extraction for the determination of polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in soil and fish samples

“…On the contrary, the results from MAE were generally low, with recovery range from 50% to 96%. This is very similar to PBDEs extraction from marine biological tissues [13], of which the same temperature (115 • C) was utilized. However, Shin et al [16] employed a mixture of n-hexane/acetone (3:1, v/v) and temperature of 130 • C in the MAE extraction of PBDEs from the sewage sludge, and obtained a comparable result to SE.…”

“…PBDEs standard mixture EO5103 was purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories (Andover, MA). 13 C-labeled surrogate standards of PCBs (EPA 68A-LCS) and PBDEs (BDE-LCS, 13 C-BDE-47, -99, -153), 13 C-labeled injection standards of PCBs (EPA 68A-IS) were obtained from Wellington Laboratories (Guelph, Canada).…”

“…Pure alkanes cannot be used as solvents for the extraction of POPs from solid samples, and solvent mixtures with two different polarities such as n-hexane/acetone are often recommended. Many researches and applications of MAE have been carried out to extract organic pollutants from various matrices in recent years [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Method of determining of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in fish and fish products by the method of liquid chromatography

“…We analyzed chromatography conditions (temperature conditions, effect of speed and split ratio of the gas-carrier flow using HP-1 capillary columns, and the extract purification methods, lipids-destructive and non-destructive, at determination of PBDEs. We suggested the method for determining 2,2,4,2,2,4,4, and decabromodiphenyl ether Introduction. The particular attention being actually paid to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) is due to their wide industrial application as flame retardants, resistance to environment, bioaccumulative potential, high toxicity and carcinogenic effect to humans.…”

Novel approaches to determination of PAHs and halogenated POPs in canned fish

“…To increase the laboratory throughput and reduce the required workload, automated procedures enabling a short extraction time, such as supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) (Antunes & Bernardo-Gil 2003;Rodil et al 2005Rodil et al , 2007García-Rodríguez et al 2008), microwave assisted extraction (MAE) (Bayen et al 2004;Pena et al 2006;Barriada-Pereira et al 2008), and pressurised liquid extraction (PLE) (Suchan et al 2004;Liguori et al 2006;Losada et al 2009) have been reported in many studies. Moreover, the efficiency of PLE can be increased by the addition of a purification phase into the PLE cell which allows a pre-purification step resulting in a higher method selectivity (Björklund et al 2001;Gómez-Ariza et al 2002;Sporring & Björklund 2004;Lund et al 2009).…”