Determination of Procaine in Equine Plasma and Urine by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Abstract

The variability in plasma and urine equine procaine measurement between three independent laboratories using current methods led to the development of a sensitive, reliable, and reproducible high-performance liquid chromatographic method. Standardbred mares were administered either a penicillin G procaine preparation intramuscularly or procaine hydrochloride subcutaneously, and blood and urine were collected at defined time intervals. By HPLC the detection limits for procaine in plasma and urine were 1 and 10 ng/mL, respectively. In contrast procaine in plasma could not be detected by GC-NPD, while the urinary detection limit was 50 ng/mL. The concentration of fluoride in the collection tubes and repetitive freeze-thawing modified plasma procaine measurement. Urinary pH was a factor in estimation of urine procaine levels with greater recovery and reproducibility of results at pH 5 as compared to pH 7. This HPLC method provides a simple, sensitive, and reliable quantitation of procaine in equine plasma and urine.

Sensitive liquid chromatographic/tandem mass spectrometric method for the determination of beclomethasone dipropionate and its metabolites in equine plasma and urine

“…The hydrolysis product of BDP in equine plasma was B17P under the experimental conditions, and that of B21P was BOH. To prevent the hydrolysis of BDP and B21P, NaF was added to equine plasma to inhibit plasma esterases since it has been reported to prevent the hydrolysis of procaine in equine plasma 19, 20. With the addition of NaF (10 mg ml −1 ), the concentrations of BDP and B21P in equine plasma decreased by <6% over 2 h (Table 5), and the IS (similar to BOH in structure) concentration also remained unchanged during the same time period.…”

Flow injection amperometric determination of procaine in pharmaceutical formulation using a screen-printed carbon electrode

“…The present United States Pharmacopoeia [1] recommends the employ of an extraction-spectrophotometric method based on its maximum absorbance signal at 280 nm. The utilization of other spectrophotometric techniques methods are also described in the literature [3][4][5] and alternative methods is reported such as fluorimetry [6], chemiluminescence [7] and analytical methods involving separation techniques such as highperformance liquid chromatography [8,9] and gas chromatography [10]. Several electrochemical procedures for determination of procaine have been investigated.…”

Electrochemistry and voltammetry of procaine using a carbon nanotube film coated electrode

“…The Chinese Pharmacopoeia method is dead-stop titration [2]. Additionally, many other methods including spectrophotometry [3][4][5], high-performance liquid chromatography [6,7], gas chromatography [8], fluorimetry [9], ionpairing flow injection analysis with piezoelectric detection [10], and chemiluminescence [11], were also reported.…”