Determination of quinine in beverages, pharmaceutical preparations and urine by isotachophoresis

Fast and Sensitive New High Performance Liquid Chromatography Laser Induced Fluorescence (HPLC-LIF) Method for Quinine. Comparative Study in Soft Drinks

“…The present method use 1 mL of soft drink for the sample preparation. The volume used for other authors ranges from 0.4 mL [16] to 100 mL. [15] In the present method it is not necessary to heat the sample [15] or to adjust the pH of sample to posterior analysis, [21] resulting in minor time consumption in sample preparation.…”

“…[13] Several methods were proposed, mostly for the concrete determination of quinine in soft drinks. These techniques include atomic absorption spectrometry (indirect determination) with reversed flow injection system, [14] flow through sensor with fluorimetric transduction, [15] isotachophoresis with UV and conductivity detection, [16] 4th-order derivative spectrophotometric, [17] spectrophotometric, [18] fluorimetry, [19,20] plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) membrane electrode with direct potentiometry, [21] optosensor with C 18 silica gel as substrate in conjunction with a flow injection analysis system, [22] cyclic voltammetry, [23] and immunoassay. [24] In this paper a simple, rapid, and sensitive method was developed for the routine determination of quinine based on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with LIF detection.…”

Polymer-modified glassy carbon electrode for the electrochemical detection of quinine in human urine and pharmaceutical formulations

“…Due to its importance and potential toxicity, several analytical methods have been reported for the determination of QN in biological [3,[7][8][9][10][11][12], pharmaceutical [4,[13][14][15], and food samples [16,17]. The methods include high-performance liquid chromatography [4,[8][9][10], chemiluminescence [13,14], gas chromatography-mass spectrometry [3], mass spectrometry [7], capillary electrophoresis [5], and membrane-based ion-selective electrodes [17].…”

Determination of Quinine in Drinks by Reversed-Phase Ion-Pair Chromatography

“…1 However, the excessive consumption of this compound may cause a series of adverse effects collectively called cinchonism: arrhythmia, hypotension, vomiting, certain neurological complications, and so on. [2][3][4] All these side effects suggested that the use of drinks containing quinine should be avoided by children or by women during pregnancy and lactation. As a result, a few countries, including the United States, decree that soft drinks containing quinine must be declared on food label.…”

“…As a result, a few countries, including the United States, decree that soft drinks containing quinine must be declared on food label. 1,3,4 At present, quinine is not legally permitted to be added to drinks in China. 5 In recent years, although several methods were proposed for the determination of quinine in drinks including spectrometry, 6,7 flow injection analysis, 8 cyclic voltammetry, 9 isotachophoresis, 4 micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography, 10 and immunoassay, 11 most of which suffer from various disadvantages such as poor sensitivity, poor selectivity, time-consuming procedure, or specific requirement for an instrument, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is still the most popular choice because of its facilitation of separation and detection.…”