Determination of Selected Phthalates by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry in Personal Perfumes

Abstract

A simple and fast method is proposed to analyze commercial personal perfumes. Our method includes measurement of phthalates, known to be major sources of endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDC), which originate from the less volatile fraction of perfumes. The quantification of phthalates were carried out directly with no sample preparation required on 30 samples of commercial products using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as a detector. The total concentrations of 15 investigated compounds ranged from 17 to 9650 mg/L with an average of 2643 mg/L. The highest total concentration was found in cologne. Diethyl phthalate (DEP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) were detected in appreciable concentrations. Further, it was found that the composition of counterfeit samples varied widely from that of authentic products. The composition of old products was different from that of recent perfumes, which contain less harmful chemicals, attributed to the ban on some phthalates in Europe due their toxicity. It should be noted that older and contaminated products are not equivalent to authentic products when considering quality, safety, and probably effectiveness. Older and nonapproved perfumes contain chemicals that are not allowed for commercial use and may contain toxic impurities.

Consumer Product Chemicals in Indoor Dust: A Quantitative Meta-analysis of U.S. Studies

“… 10 − 13 For some phthalate diesters, the use of consumer products and indoor exposures are major contributors to human exposure. 14 − 17 Similarly, for some flame retardants, dust is a significant contributor to exposure, 18 − 20 while the contribution of the indoor environment to total exposure of PFASs is less well characterized. 21 , 22 The chemical properties, sources, exposure pathways and major health effects associated with each chemical class are reviewed in the following sources: phthalates, 16 , 23 − 26 flame retardants, 25 , 27 , 28 environmental phenols, 25 , 26 , 29 , 30 synthetic fragrances, 29 , 31 , 32 and PFASs.…”

Degradation of di(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate by Fusarium culmorum: Kinetics, enzymatic activities and biodegradation pathway based on quantum chemical modelingpathway based on quantum chemical modeling

“…Their basic chemical structure is phthalic acid with two side chains (they may be branched or linear), which can be alkyl, benzyl, phenyl, cycloalkyl, or alkoxy groups (Abdel-Daiem et al, 2012). Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a diester of phthalic acid used as a plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which increases the flexibility of the plastic, enabling a wide range of products to be manufactured (Benjamin et al, 2015;Orecchio et al, 2015). DEHP is used in consumer goods, food contact materials, flooring and wall covering, and medical devices (i.e., blood storage bags, hemodialysis tubing, oxygenation Science of the Total Environment xxx (2016) xxx-xxx ⁎ Corresponding author.…”

Determination of Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline, Sulfadiazine, Norfloxacin, and Enrofloxacin in Swine Manure Using a Coupled Method of On-Line Solid-Phase Extraction with the UHPLC–DAD

“…The limit of detection (LOD) is defined as the quantity yielding a detector response approximately equal to thrice the background noise and calculated by the standard deviation of the response (σ) and the slope of the calibration curves [ 5 , 14 , 15 ]. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) is the lowest amount that can be analyzed within acceptable precision and accuracy at a signal to noise ratio of 10 [ 19 ]. In this study, LOD and LOQ were measured, and the obtained data are shown in Table 5 .…”