Determination of specific interactions between glucose ligand carrying polymer and glucose transporter type‐1 (GLUT‐1) using different cell types

Abstract

Abstract:In order to develop a biomimetic polymer for cell recognition, poly [3-O-(4Ј-vinylbenzyl)-D-glucose] (PVG) and different types of glucose transport (GLUT)-carrying cells, namely, HepG2 cells (GLUT-1), 3T3-L1 fibroblast cells (GLUT-1 and GLUT-4), and MIN6 cells (GLUT-2), were tested for specific interaction. To clarify the nature of interaction between PVG and the different cell types, rhodamine-B isothiocyanate (RITC)-labeled polymers were used to prove and visualize the interactions. In this study, we found that labeled polymer strongly binds to HepG2 cells. The fluorescence intensity of PVG with in the presence of HepG2 cells was found to be stronger than that of 3T3-L1 fibroblast cells (0.11 Ϯ 0.05) and MIN6 cells, which carry GLUT-2 (0.028 Ϯ 0.01); a confocal laser microscopic study confirmed this interaction. To confirm the specificity of the interaction mediated by GLUT, the cells were pretreated with phloretin, an inhibitor of GLUT-1, before adding RITClabeled PVG polymer to the cell culture medium. This treatment suppressed the interaction of PVG with HepG2 cells and partially suppressed its interaction with 3T3-L1 fibroblast cells.

Bioconjugation of Carbohydrates to Gelatin Sponges Promoting 3D Cell Cultures

“…The presence of galactose in GS-Lx sponges could be responsible for the observed morphology and higher density of cytoskeletal filaments, facilitating the asialoglycoprotein-mediated cell adhesion of HepG2 cells [ 52 , 53 , 54 ]. Spreading of cells on GS-Lx demonstrated an improved cell–matrix interaction, while on GS-Mx sponges the spherical morphology of the HepG2 cells suggested a different anchoring to the scaffold, probably due to the presence of the type-1 glucose transporter (GLUT-1) receptor [ 55 ]. GLUT-1 is highly expressed also in chondrocytes [ 56 ] and could be involved in cell-scaffold interactions in glucose-carrying scaffolds.…”

Pneumolysin/Plasma Protein Adsorption, Bacterial Adherence, and Cell Adhesion Characteristics of a Cell-Membrane-Mimicking Polymer System

“…HEp-2 cell adhesion was tested on the polymer films dip-coated on glass slides with a size of 10 × 10 mm 2 . HEp-2 cells were routinely cultured in T-75 culture flasks containing 10–12 mL of AMEM, 10% (v/v) FBS, and 0.5% (v/v) l -glutamax at 37 °C under a humidified 5% carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) atmosphere as described in the literature. − The film specimens were sterilized as described above, washed with DPBS, and placed in 6-well culture plates. HEp-2 cells were seeded onto the films at a density of 0.3 × 10 6 cells mL –1 (A660 = 0.10) and incubated for 6 days with a change of media every second day.…”

Poly((D,L)lactic-glycolic)acid–star glucose nanoparticles for glucose transporter and hypoglycemia-mediated tumor targeting

“…These data confirmed that the cellular uptake of the PLGA-Glc NPs was based on the interaction between the glucose moiety of the NPs and the GLUTs expressed in the cells, matching with a previous study that reported the specific interaction between a glucose ligand-carrying polymer and GLUT in cell lines. 41 GLUTs-mediated internalization of PLGA-Glc NPs implies the feasibility of its application in tumor-targeted drug delivery. The tumor microenvironment can be characterized by hypoxia, a low glucose concentration, and a high lactate concentration.…”