Determination of the components of stormflow using water chemistry and environmental isotopes, Mattole River basin, California

Kennedy, Vance C.; Kendall, Carol; Zellweger, Gary W.; Wyerman, T.A.; Avanzino, Ronald J.

doi:10.1016/0022-1694(86)90047-8

Cited by 221 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The findings of this current paper were also supported by results from several other hydrochemical (and isotopic) studies that found old water and subsurface flow to be the major (more than 50 %) component of stormflow in different hydro-climatic rainfall (e.g. Sklash et al, 1976;Sklash and Farvolden, 1979;Kennedy et al, 1986;Rice and Hornberger, 1998;Didszun and Uhlenbrook, 2008;Hrachowitz et al, 2011). Our results are in line with Mul et al (2008) who did a similar study in a semi-arid area using hydrochemical tracers for hydrograph separation and found that over 95 % of the discharge could be attributed to sub-surface runoff during smaller events, while the remainder was due to faster surface runoff processes.…”

Section: Quantification Of Runoff Components and Processes In A Meso-supporting

confidence: 85%

“…isotopes associated with chemical tracers have been undertaken in different basins world-wide (for example, Kennedy et al, 1986;Wels et al, 1991;Ladouche et al, 2001;Uhlenbrook and Hoeg, 2003;Hrachowitz et al, 2011). However, hydrochemical tracers may only be used to separate streamflow into runoff components according to their flow paths (Kennedy et al, 1986).…”

Section: O Munyaneza Et Al: Identification Of Runoff Generation Promentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, hydrochemical tracers may only be used to separate streamflow into runoff components according to their flow paths (Kennedy et al, 1986).…”

Section: O Munyaneza Et Al: Identification Of Runoff Generation Promentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Identification of runoff generation processes using hydrometric and tracer methods in a meso-scale catchment in Rwanda

Munyaneza

Wenninger

Uhlenbrook

2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Understanding of dominant runoff generation processes in the meso-scale Migina catchment (257.4 km 2 ) in southern Rwanda was improved using analysis of hydrometric data and tracer methods. The paper examines the use of hydrochemical and isotope parameters for separating streamflow into different runoff components by investigating two flood events which occurred during the rainy season "Itumba" (March-May) over a period of 2 yr at two gauging stations. Dissolved silica (SiO 2 ), electrical conductivity (EC), deuterium ( 2 H), oxygen-18 ( 18 O), major anions (Cl − and SO 2− 4 ) and major cations (Na + , K + , Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ ) were analyzed during the events. 2 H, 18 O, Cl − and SiO 2 were finally selected to assess the different contributing sources using mass balance equations and end member mixing analysis for two-and three-component hydrograph separation models. The results obtained by applying two-component hydrograph separations using dissolved silica and chloride as tracers are generally in line with the results of three-component separations using dissolved silica and deuterium. Subsurface runoff is dominating the total discharge during flood events. More than 80 % of the discharge was generated by subsurface runoff for both events. This is supported by observations of shallow groundwater responses in the catchment (depth 0.2-2 m), which show fast infiltration of rainfall water during events. Consequently, shallow groundwater contributes to subsurface stormflow and baseflow generation. This dominance of subsurface contributions is also in line with the observed low runoff coefficient values (16.7 and 44.5 %) for both events. Groundwater recharge during the wet seasons leads to a perennial river system. These results are essential for better water resources planning and management in the region, which is characterized by very highly competing demands (domestic vs. agricultural vs. industrial uses).

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Section: Quantification Of Runoff Components and Processes In A Meso-supporting

confidence: 85%

Section: O Munyaneza Et Al: Identification Of Runoff Generation Promentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of runoff generation processes using hydrometric and tracer methods in a meso-scale catchment in Rwanda

Munyaneza

Wenninger

Uhlenbrook

2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…The use of isotopic tracers led to recognition that old or "preevent" water often dominates storm runoff in humid catchments with high infiltration capacities [Sklash, 1990;Bonell, 1993;Buttle, 1994], implying relatively long residence times (greater than one storm event) for much of the water in catchments. This led to a shift in emphasis to identifying means of displacing old water from catchments by subsurface storm flow [Kennedy et al, 1986;Pearce et al, 1986;Sklash et al, 1986;McDonnell, 1990; Ogunkoya and Jenkins, 1991; Wilson et al, 1991]. Two wholecatchment applications of isotopic tracers in the Lake Gfirdsj6n watershed illustrate how long residence times of water can be.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsurface flow paths in a steep, unchanneled catchment

Anderson¹,

Dietrich²,

Montgomery³

et al. 1997

Water Resources Research

244

216

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“…Ce résultat est similaire à celui de HOOPER et SHOEMAKER (1986). Doit-on en déduire que la pluie n'acquiert que très peu de silice contrairement aux hypothèses de KENNEDY (1971) et KENNEDY et al (1986, et que la concentration de la silice dans l'eau du sol diffère peu de celle de la nappe ? Ceci ferait de la silice un outil commode de décomposi-tion des hydrogrammes, mais reste encore à prouver.…”

Section: Décomposition Chimique De Itiydrogrammeunclassified

Décomposition chimique et isotopique d'un hydrogramme de crue d'un torrent méditerranéen - Réflexions méthodologiques

Loÿe-Pilot¹,

Jusserand²

2005

rseau

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La décomposition chimique et isotopique d'un hydrogramme de crue d'un petit torrent méditerranéen (Cannone, Corse, France), a été tentée dans un cas simple, en confrontant les résultats des deux méthodes et en discutant leurs limites. L'outil isotopique permet de bien différencier l'eau préexistante et l'eau nouvelle. L'analyse de la variation des éléments chimiques met en évidence la participation d'eau du soi, sans qu'il soit possible de quantifier sa contribution; elle démontre que la composition de la pluie n'est pas conservative; le rôle du pluviolessivage est mis en évidence, conjointement à celui du transfert dans la zone non-saturée. Ainsi les décompositions chimiques des hydrogrammes (en particulier celles réalisées avec la conductivité) reposent le plus souvent sur des approximations théoriquement contestables et conduisent à des erreurs notables, à l'exception toutefois de celles réalisées avec la silice.Problems of environmental water quality such as transfer of pollutants and ecosystem acidification call for a new insight to the path and the contact time of water in the different subsurface reservoirs. An isotopic and chemical hydrograph separation is carried out for a flood in a small upland watershed in the Mediterranean region (Cannone, Corsica Island, France) with special attention to a comparison between the two methods and discussion of their limits. Here, old and new water are clearly distinguished by isotopic composition. The pattern of the dissolved constituents of stream water shows the contribution of ground water, often assumed to be negligible. The non-conservative behaviour of rain-water chemistry during its path to the stream channel due to enrichment by throughfall and leaching of soils, is the main obstacle to chemical separation. Chemical separation, especially through specific conductance seems generally to be hazardous, except perhaps for dissolved silica. Checking the variation of all dissolved constituents would prevent questionable approximations

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Determination of the components of stormflow using water chemistry and environmental isotopes, Mattole River basin, California

Cited by 221 publications

References 27 publications

Identification of runoff generation processes using hydrometric and tracer methods in a meso-scale catchment in Rwanda

Identification of runoff generation processes using hydrometric and tracer methods in a meso-scale catchment in Rwanda

Subsurface flow paths in a steep, unchanneled catchment

Décomposition chimique et isotopique d'un hydrogramme de crue d'un torrent méditerranéen - Réflexions méthodologiques

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