Determination of the Maximal Lactate Steady State in Obese Zucker Rats

Almeida, Jeeser Alves de; Petriz, Bernardo A.; Gomes, Clarissa P.C.; Rocha, Luíz Alberto Oliveira; Pereira, Rinaldo Wellerson; Franco, Octávio L.

doi:10.1055/s-0032-1316360

Cited by 12 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Duration and speed on treadmill were increased progressively (up to 12.5 m.min −1 for Obese rats; 20 m.min −1 for Hypertensive and Wistar rats) as previously described [27, 28]. In addition, blood pressure of Wistar and Hypertensive rats was measured by the tail-cuff method [29] at the beginning of the experiment to characterize the hypertensive phenotype from the SHR strain (171.4 ± 7.7 mm.Hg −1 for Hypertensive rats and 128 ± 5.9 mmHg −1 for Wistar rats) (Additional file 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exercise induction of gut microbiota modifications in obese, non-obese and hypertensive rats

et al. 2014

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BackgroundObesity is a multifactor disease associated with cardiovascular disorders such as hypertension. Recently, gut microbiota was linked to obesity pathogenesisand shown to influence the host metabolism. Moreover, several factors such as host-genotype and life-style have been shown to modulate gut microbiota composition. Exercise is a well-known agent used for the treatment of numerous pathologies, such as obesity and hypertension; it has recently been demonstrated to shape gut microbiota consortia. Since exercise-altered microbiota could possibly improve the treatment of diseases related to dysfunctional microbiota, this study aimed to examine the effect of controlled exercise training on gut microbial composition in Obese rats (n = 3), non-obese Wistar rats (n = 3) and Spontaneously Hypertensive rats (n = 3). Pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes from fecal samples collected before and after exercise training was used for this purpose.ResultsExercise altered the composition and diversity of gut bacteria at genus level in all rat lineages. Allobaculum (Hypertensive rats), Pseudomonas and Lactobacillus (Obese rats) were shown to be enriched after exercise, while Streptococcus (Wistar rats), Aggregatibacter and Sutturella (Hypertensive rats) were more enhanced before exercise. A significant correlation was seen in the Clostridiaceae and Bacteroidaceae families and Oscillospira and Ruminococcus genera with blood lactate accumulation. Moreover, Wistar and Hypertensive rats were shown to share a similar microbiota composition, as opposed to Obese rats. Finally, Streptococcus alactolyticus, Bifidobacterium animalis, Ruminococcus gnavus, Aggregatibacter pneumotropica and Bifidobacterium pseudolongum were enriched in Obese rats.ConclusionsThese data indicate that non-obese and hypertensive rats harbor a different gut microbiota from obese rats and that exercise training alters gut microbiota from an obese and hypertensive genotype background.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-511) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Running intensity was set corresponding to maximal lactate steady state (MLSS), previously identified in obese Zucker rats [28] and SHR rats [27]. Therefore, for Obese rats, running velocity was set at 12.5 m.min −1 and for Hypertensive and Wistar rats at 20 m.min −1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise induction of gut microbiota modifications in obese, non-obese and hypertensive rats

et al. 2014

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“…However, in order to optimize these benefi ts in obesity treatment, important precautions should be taken into account, particularly regarding the nature of exercise and its intensity. Recently, Almeida et al [ 2 ] identifi ed the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) in obese Zucker rats without exercise training, being the fi rst study to establish MLSS in a treadmill device using an obese animal model [ 2 ] . Furthermore, obese Zucker rats have been widely used in studies of obesity and its complications, such as metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease [ 16 , 20 , 21 ] .…”

Section: Exercise Training At Mlss Decreases Weight Gain and Increasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Capillary blood samples (10 μL) from the animals' tails were collected at rest and every 5 min until 25 min and immediately placed in microtubes (0.6 mL) containing 20 μL of 1 % sodium fl uoride and stored at − 20 °C [ 2 ] . Analyses of blood lactate concentration (BLC) were performed by using the electro-enzymatic method with the YSI 1 500 Sports lactate analyzer (Yellow Springs, OH, USA).…”

Section: Blood Lactate Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exercise Training at MLSS Decreases Weight Gain and Increases Aerobic Capacity in Obese Zucker Rats

et al. 2013

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This study aimed to identify the aerobic capacity enhancement and subsequent body weight (BW) status of obese Zucker rats (OZRs) after 4 weeks of treadmill running exercise at the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS). In addition to obese Zucker rats (OZRs), lean Wistar Kyoto rats (WKYs) were used, and both species were divided into control and exercise groups as follows: obese exercise (OZR-EX, n=5), obese control (OZR-CON, n=5), lean exercise (WKY-EX, n=5) and lean control (WKY-CON, n=5). The OZR and WKY exercise groups trained 5 days per week at 12.5 m.min-1 and 20 m.min-1, respectively. After 4 weeks of training, MLSS was ascertained to evaluate the animals' aerobic capacity using 3 different velocities (12.5, 15 and 17.5 m.min-1 for OZRs and 25, 30 and 35 m.min-1 for WKYs). The MLSS of OZR-EX was identified at the velocity of 15 m.min-1, representing a 20% increase in aerobic capacity after the exercise program. The MLSS of WKY-EX was identified at 30 m.min-1 with a 50% increase of in aerobic capacity. Obese animals that exercised showed reduced weight gain compared to the non-exercise obese control group (p <0.05). Our results thus show that exercise training at MLSS intensity increased the aerobic capacity in both obese and non-obese animals and also reduced BW gain.

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Animal exercise studies in cardiovascular research: Current knowledge and optimal design—A position paper of the Committee on Cardiac Rehabilitation, Chinese Medical Doctors’ Association

Bei

Wang

Ding

et al. 2021

Journal of Sport and Health Science

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Highlights Standard procedures and appropriate assessment of exercise are proposed for the commonly used animal models related to chronic exercise (e.g., treadmill running, voluntary wheel running, swimming exercise, and resistance exercise) in cardiovascular research. Optimal design of animal exercise studies in cardiovascular research should consider the choice of exercise models, control of exercise protocols, exercise at different stages of disease, and other factors, such as age, sex, and genetic background. An optimal design for studying exercise-induced physiological cardiac growth and its related beneficial effects against cardiovascular diseases is presented.

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Determination of the Maximal Lactate Steady State in Obese Zucker Rats

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Exercise induction of gut microbiota modifications in obese, non-obese and hypertensive rats

Exercise induction of gut microbiota modifications in obese, non-obese and hypertensive rats

Exercise Training at MLSS Decreases Weight Gain and Increases Aerobic Capacity in Obese Zucker Rats

Animal exercise studies in cardiovascular research: Current knowledge and optimal design—A position paper of the Committee on Cardiac Rehabilitation, Chinese Medical Doctors’ Association

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