Determination of the optimum conditions for electrochemical regeneration of exhausted activated carbon

Gazigil, Leyla; Er, Eren; Yonar, Taner

doi:10.1016/j.diamond.2023.109741

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The mechanism of adsorption was also investigated and concluded to be a combination of (1) electrostatic interaction between positively charged antidepressant molecules and the negative surface charge of the adsorbents and (2) π-π stacking interactions between the delocalized aromatic rings of antidepressants and carbon structures on the surface of activated carbon, thus explaining why this particular material performed better. Nevertheless, the cost of production of activated carbon is quite high [52], however, several options exist for its cost-effective regeneration such as chemical [53], biological [54], and electrochemical regeneration [44].…”

Section: Adsorptive Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among several materials used as adsorbents, activated carbon (AC) has been used for the removal of different types of PPCPs, but its use is sometimes restricted due to Wastewater Treatment Approaches for the Removal of Antidepressant Residues DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1004333 high costs [43]. Furthermore, once the AC has been exhausted, it can be regenerated for further use, but regeneration processes have additional costs, may result in a loss of carbon, and the regenerated product may have a lower adsorption capacity after a few rounds of regeneration in comparison to the non-recycled AC [44]. This has triggered attempts by various scientists and engineers to prepare low-cost alternative adsorbents, which may replace AC in pollution control by adsorption and may overcome its economic disadvantages [42].…”

Section: Overview Of Water Treatment Approaches For the Removal Of An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Wastewater Treatment Approaches for the Removal of Antidepressant Residues

C. Racovita,

D. Ciuca

2024

Wastewater Treatment - Past and Future Perspectives [Working Title]

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pharmaceuticals are a major class of contaminants of emerging concern for wastewaters and natural waters alike. Among pharmaceuticals, antidepressants are the most rapidly increasing subclass, as more and more people are dealing with depression in their fast-paced and challenging everyday lives. As psychotropic medications, residual antidepressants in water must be carefully monitored and maintained below levels, where human health may be endangered. Moreover, aquatic life forms were shown to be seriously affected when such pollutants entered their natural habitat, in terms of locomotory, reproductive functions, or social behavior. Therefore, modern wastewater treatment plant technologies should incorporate solutions for removing antidepressant residues. This chapter summarizes recent efforts toward this goal and covers a wide range of proposed treatment approaches. Firstly, adsorptive methods are presented, whether based on classic, yet effective adsorbents like activated carbon or silicates, or modern alternatives such as ion-exchange resins or molecularly imprinted polymers. Secondly, extractive methods are considered, although currently impractical due to lack of both cheap and environmentally-benign solvents. Thirdly, advanced oxidation processes are surveyed, including ozone treatment, ultraviolet, gamma radiation, and electrochemical options, some of which, alone or in combination, may yield complete mineralization of antidepressant toxicants. Lastly, biological treatment with microorganisms is discussed, which may be highly specific, but usually does not enable a complete mineralization.

show abstract

Section: Adsorptive Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overview Of Water Treatment Approaches For the Removal Of An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater Treatment Approaches for the Removal of Antidepressant Residues

C. Racovita,

D. Ciuca

2024

Wastewater Treatment - Past and Future Perspectives [Working Title]

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The specific surface area of regenerated AC recovered to the level of the original commercial AC, reaching 1803 m 2 /g. Gazigil et al 144 studied the electrochemical regeneration process of AC used in tap water softening systems and determined the optimal electrolyte type, electrolyte concentration, current concentration, electrolyte pH value, and regeneration time for the performance of regenerated AC. The results showed that NaBr was the best electrolyte, and with increasing electrolyte concentration, the regeneration efficiency showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.…”

Section: Regeneration Of Acmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Coal-Based Activated Carbon: Preparation, Modification, Application, Regeneration, and Perspectives

Zhao

Mai

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Coal is not only a type of fuel but also a precious resource with dual value attributes. Coal is usually used for combustion and electricity generation and is also used as a feedstock in the production of fuels, chemicals, and other high value-added products to improve efficiency. Among these products, coal-based activated carbon is an important part of the high value-added and resource utilization of coal. In this paper, the relevant research on coal-based activated carbon in recent decades is reviewed, including raw material selection, preparation process and mechanism, modification methods, application status, and regeneration methods. Finally, the existing problems and future research directions in the field of coal-based activated carbon are proposed, which has great significance for realizing the high valueadded utilization of coal resources.

show abstract

“…Therefore, the financial viability of PAC's extensive commercial application depends on both its high-efficiency regeneration and the cost of producing PAC. Considering the significance of the activated carbon regeneration process, various regeneration techniques of saturated PAC have been proposed [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], such as physicochemical regeneration [5], Fenton-like oxidation regeneration [6], electrochemical regeneration [7,9], ozonation regeneration [10], bio-regeneration [12] and ultrasound regeneration [13]. As for the various regeneration procedures, thermal regeneration is regarded as the most economically advantageous approach [14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic–Thermal Regeneration of Spent Powdered Activated Carbon

Zhang,

Yang,

et al. 2023

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigated the ultrasonic–thermal regeneration of powdered activated carbon (PAC) spent using 4-chlorophenol (4-CP). Similarly, a thermal regeneration process was also studied and the reaction conditions (i.e., regeneration temperature, heating rate, regeneration time) were tested. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were applied to characterize the regenerated PACs under different treatments (thermal, ultrasonic and ultrasonic–thermal) and also compare them with the fresh and exhausted PACs. According to our regeneration observations, the ideal regeneration parameters were determined to be a 40 kHz frequency, 0.18 W/mL sonication power, 0.1 M NaOH and 50% (v/v) ethyl alcohol as the regeneration solution, and 1 g/L of saturated PAC mass with thermal regeneration as the second stage at 500 °C, desorbed for 30 min with a heating rate of 20 °C min−1. Under these conditions, the RE value achieved 90.99% and the η value reached 5.6%. The results of FTIR, XPS and XRD revealed that the oxygen functional group content of ultrasonic–thermal regenerated PAC significantly increased. These oxygenous groups exerted a positive effect on the adsorption process of the regenerated PAC and the subsequent adsorption–regeneration process.

show abstract

Determination of the optimum conditions for electrochemical regeneration of exhausted activated carbon

Cited by 11 publications

References 40 publications

Wastewater Treatment Approaches for the Removal of Antidepressant Residues

Wastewater Treatment Approaches for the Removal of Antidepressant Residues

Review on Coal-Based Activated Carbon: Preparation, Modification, Application, Regeneration, and Perspectives

Ultrasonic–Thermal Regeneration of Spent Powdered Activated Carbon

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About