Determination of the viscoelastic properties of elastomeric materials by the dynamic indentation method

Vriend, Nathalie; Kren, A. P.

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2003.10.006

Cited by 50 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Many studies rely centrally on one differentiation, 7,16 one integration, 5,7,10,16,19 or two integrations. 2,3 Even subtle distortion of temporal relationships can have a profound effect when combining two independent signal histories and eliminating time, as for forcecompression hystereses.…”

Section: Numerical Distortionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a shank extension; 12,13 (4) indirectly by geometric calculation from angular position of the striker arm measured by encoder; 14 or (5) directly by motion tracking from highspeed imaging. 15 One study 16 takes an undesirably spartan approach to testing elastomeric materials, measuring only v h by electrodynamic methods, integrating and differentiating it to determine x h and a h , and calculating F h from a h .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental investigation of the piano hammer-string interaction

Birkett

2013

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Experimental techniques for investigating the piano hammer-string interaction are described. It is argued that the accuracy, consistency, and scope of conclusions of previous studies can be compromised by limitations of the conventional methods relating to key inputs; physical distortion; numerical distortion, particularly when differentiation or integration of measured signals is used to derive primary response variables; contact identification; and synchronization issues. These problems are discussed, and experimental methods that have been devised to avoid them are described and illustrated by detailed results from a study of the hammer-string interaction in a vertical piano. High resolution displacements are obtained directly by non-contact high-speed imaging and quantitative motion tracking. The attention focused on achieving very accurate and consistent temporal and spatial alignment, including the objective procedure used for contact identification, allows meaningful comparisons of responses from separate tests. String motion at the strike point and on each side of it, as well as hammer motion, is obtained for eight dynamic levels from 1.06 to 2.98 m/s impact velocity. Detailed observations of the force-compression behavior of the hammer interacting with real strings are presented. The direct effects of hammer shank deflection and agraffe string pulses on the interaction are also highlighted.

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Section: Numerical Distortionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of the piano hammer-string interaction

Birkett

2013

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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“…The Hertz theory of impact7 has been applied to predict the indentation force as a function of the time in the conservative mass‐spring model 5. In nonconservative approaches, motion equation is increased with a damping term to reflect dissipation in the contact area, thus allowing us to effectively model the system as a lumped mass‐spring model in series6 or in parallel 4…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low energy impact indentation of a modified polyethylene terephtalate by instrumented falling weight

Martínez

Arencón

Navas

et al. 2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Investigation of the flexed plate impact of polymers requires the study of the local plate reaction during the contact between the hemispherical tip and the specimen. The current work investigates the low energy impact indentation with a hemispherical indenter applied to a polymer sheet with a ductile behavior. The samples were freely supported on a very rigid steel plate and transversely collided by the instrumented dart. The restitution coefficients are calculated, and a lumped mass-spring model based on the Hertz law, which agrees with the experimental contact forces, restitution coefficients, indenter depth of penetration and permanent deformations is developed. This is an indirect method to estimate the Young's modulus at these relatively high strain rates. The influence of the geometrical parameters of the test such as target thickness, drop mass, indenter diameter, along with impact velocity are analyzed.

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“…This study emphasized the used instrument rather than the polymeric material behavior under indentation. Recently, in 2004, Vriend and Kren used the same approach considering a dynamic indentation method for rubber characterization [19]. Except for these cases, so separated in time, instrumented microindentation has been generally neglected at least in terms of the acquisition of load-penetration data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroindentation of polymers

Guglielmotti

Quadrini

Squeo

2008

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Macroindentation tests were performed by means of a flat cylindrical indenter on high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polyamide 66 (PA66). Commercial sheets were acquired for both materials, and specimens were extracted for differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and thermal recovery tests. In this way, the fabrication effect was correctly identified in terms of degradation, orientation, and mechanical performance. Specimens were also prepared for tensile tests, which were performed for comparison with indentation experiments. Indentation tests were carried out on the external sheet surfaces at different indenter diameters (1 and 2 mm) and test rates (from 0.1 to 20 mm/min). A very high correlation was found between the tensile test and indentation results at the different test rates. In particular, the indentation stress at fixed depth was a linear function of the tensile yield stress, depending only on the indenter diameter and not on the material type. Moreover, a threshold value for the thickness for a correct comparison among samples having different dimensions is discussed.

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Determination of the viscoelastic properties of elastomeric materials by the dynamic indentation method

Cited by 50 publications

References 6 publications

Experimental investigation of the piano hammer-string interaction

Experimental investigation of the piano hammer-string interaction

Low energy impact indentation of a modified polyethylene terephtalate by instrumented falling weight

Macroindentation of polymers

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