Determination of total iron‐binding capacity of transferrin using metal organic framework‐based surface‐enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy

Abstract

We report the rapid and sensitive determination of the total iron‐binding capacity of transferrin (Tf) in human serum using surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. Herein, metal organic framework (MOF)–gold nanoparticle (AuNP) complexes were used as the SERS substrate. The highly porous MOF preconcentrates the reporter molecules and accelerates the approach of the reporter molecules to the vicinity of the AuNPs on the surface of the MOF. As a result, a significant number of reporter molecules are trapped close to SERS‐active “hot spots,” and their Raman signals are greatly enhanced. Additionally, Tf acts as an anchor to form a three‐dimensional assembly of MOF–AuNP units via specific binding to the Fe(III) ions of adjacent MOF units when MOF–AuNP complexes are added to human serum. This leads to further enhancement of the Raman signals of Raman reporter molecules with increasing Tf concentration. Quantitative estimation of Tf is possible by monitoring the variations in the intensity of the Raman signal of Raman reporter molecules adsorbed on MOF–AuNP complexes as a function of the Tf concentration. In this work, SERS‐based analysis using the MOF–AuNP complexes was performed to determine the concentration of Tf in the human serum for diagnosing iron deficiency. The limit of detection of Tf was determined to be 0.51 μM in spiked human serum. This SERS‐based analysis of Tf using MOF–AuNPs provides new insight for the rapid and sensitive diagnosis of iron deficiency in human serum.

Metal–organic framework-based SERS sensing platforms for life and health detection

“…This led to the creation of a SERS sensing platform that could detect FA in biological samples. The research team has also synthesized many SERS substrates with PNPs anchored on MOF surfaces, including AuNPs/Cu-TCPP, 62 AgNPs@MOF helical structure, 63 AuNPs@MB@HP-UiO-66-NH2, 64 TM-Ag@NU-901, 65 AuNPs@MOFs, 66,67 and Ag@MIL-101(Cr). 68 Despite the significant progress made in anchoring PNPs to MOF surfaces as SERS substrates, there are still some challenges that need to be addressed.…”

Hybrid Nanocomposites of Plasmonic Metal Nanostructures and 2D Nanomaterials for Improved Colorimetric Detection

“…Since then, an exponentially growing interest has been focused on improving the SERS substrates to enhance the performance of the technique but also to implement these structures in the point-of-care (PoC) devices. In the last few years, hybrid compounds composed of bidimensional nanomaterial have been exploited with an increasing frequency as SERS substrate [32], but also, other types of composites have been exploited, such as for example metal-organic framework (MOF)-gold nanoparticle (AuNPs) complexes [33].…”

Methods of Respiratory Virus Detection: Advances towards Point-of-Care for Early Intervention

“…Various particles, such as gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), have been increasingly employed in the development of lateral flow test strips for their unique optical, electronic, and/or structural properties. For example, Das et al reported a rapid and sensitive determination of the total iron-binding capacity of transferrin (Tf) in human serum using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy [46]. In the study, metal organic framework (MOF)-gold nanoparticle (AuNP) complexes were used as the SERS substrate.…”