Determination of Trace Amounts of Zirconium by Flotation - Spectrophotometric Method

Abstract

ABSTRACT.A sensitive and reproducible method for the flotation-spectrophotometric determination of zirconium is reported. The method is based on the complex formation zirconium and xylenol orange (XO) which is floated in the interface of aqueous phase and n-hexane by vigorous shaking. By discarding the aqueous solution and n-hexane, the adsorbed complex on to the wall of a separating funnel was dissolved in a small volume of methanol solvent and its absorbance was measured at 429 nm. The effect of different parameters such as pH, concentrations of HCl, and XO, and volume of n-hexane flotation dissolvent, standing and shaking time were studied. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 7-120 ng mL -1 of zirconium with a correlation coefficient of 0.9991. The limit of detection (LOD) was 5.8 ng mL -1 . The relative standard deviation (RSD) for seven replicate measurements of 50 and 110 ng mL -1 of zirconium were 4.4 and 3.0%, respectively. The method was successfully applied to the determination of zirconium in water samples.

Zirconium in modern analytical chemistry

“…For example, the flotation concentration was carried out to increase the sensitivity of photometric determination of zirconium with xylenol orange in water samples (Pourreza, Parham & Shiri, 2010). In this work, the use of the ionic associate of zirconium with xylenol orange in a medium of 5•10 −3 m hydrochloric acid is described for the metal determination.…”

Novel approach for the determination of zirconium by solid-phase spectrophotometry

“…UV-Vis spectrophotometric methods have been widely used due to simplicity, rapidity, low costs and wide applications [23][24][25][26]. For this purpose, widely-used chromogenic reagents are pyrocatechol violet [27], alizarin red S [28][29][30], arsenazo I and III [27][28][29][30][31], xylenol orange [21,[34][35][36][37], Janus Green dye [38], 2,4-dinitrophenol-(6-azo-2)-1-napthol-3,8-disulphonic acid (picramine <epsilon>) [39], 2-(6-bromo-2-benothiaoylazo) 5-diethylaminophenol and sodium lauryl sulphate [40], 4-(2-pyridiylazo) resorcinol (PAR) [41,42], 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-(diethylamino)phenol [43], 5,7-dibromo-8-hydroxylquinoline [44], chorme azurol S [45], for determination of Zr(IV) by spectrophotometry was reported. Some methods have low sensitivity and selectivity and others have high sensitivity but low selectivity.…”

Спектрофотометричне Дослідження Взаємодії Цирконію З Динітробензол-Азопірокатехолом Та Мультилігандними Комплексами З Оп-10

“…Therefore, the sensitive and selective analysis methods of zirconium are in high demand. The literature survey showed that different methods are used for analyzing zirconium, like spectrophotometric determination (SD) [6][7][8], flotation spectrophotometric determination (FSD) [9], molecular fluorescence spectrophotometry (MFS) [10], X-ray spectrophotometry [11], ultravioletvisible spectrophotometry [12][13][14][15], simultaneous first order derivative spectrophotometric (SFODS) [16], sorption spectrophotometric determination -single sample on a two-layer support (SSD-SS TLS) [17] and others. However, the sensitivity and selectivity of these methods are too weak.…”