Determination of Trace Vanadium by Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry at a Carbon Paste Electrode

Abstract

A method for the voltammetric determination of vanadium using a carbon paste electrode (CPE) was described. The new procedure is based on the adsorptive accumulation of the V(V)-alizarin red S(ARS) complex onto the surface of the CPE, followed by the electrochemical reduction of adsorbed species. The optimal experimental conditions include the use of 0.10 mol/L acetate buffer (pH 5.1), 1.0 Â 10 À5 mol/L ARS, an accumulation potential of À 0.10 V (versus SCE), an accumulation time of 2 min, a scan rate of 200 mV/s and a second-order derivative linear scan mode. The reduction peak for the complex appears at À 0.52 V. The peak current is proportional to the concentration of V(V) over the range of 0.10 -15.0 mg/L, and the detection limit is 0.04 mg/L for a 2 min adsorption time. The relative standard deviations(n ¼ 8) for 2.0 and 0.50 mg/L V(V) are 3.1 and 4.7%, respectively. The proposed method was applied to the determination of vanadium in water samples.

Determination of trace vanadium(V) by adsorptive anodic stripping voltammetry on an acetylene black paste electrode in the presence of alizarin violet

“…Traditional materials used for the preparation of CPE are often carbon power and graphite power. Li et al [26] exploited the determination of V(V) on a CPE in the presence of alizarin red S. The detection limit is 0.04 lg dm À3 with an accumulation time of 2 min. Acetylene black (AB) is a special kind of carbon black with many fascinating properties such as excellent electric conductivity, large surface area, strong adsorptive ability and porous structure.…”

“…Electrochemical methods are far less expensive and more portable than the aforementioned techniques. Specifically, adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) and catalytic adsorptive stripping voltammetry (CAdSV), based on the interfacial accumulation and voltammetric determination of metal complexes, has been shown useful for determining vanadium in various matrices [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]26]. Different complexing agents, such as 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene [10], cupferron [11,12], chloranilic acid [13][14][15], catechol [16], 2-(5 0 -bromo-2 0 -pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol [17,18], pyrogallol [19], 2-(2 0 -thiazolylaloz)-p-cresol [20], pyrocatechol violet [21] and solochrome violet RS [22] have been proposed.…”

Supporting Electrolyte Manipulation for Simple Improvement of the Sensitivity of Trace Vanadium(V) Determination at a Lead-Coated Glassy Carbon Electrode

“…Of these techniques, only the SV can be used in routine field vanadium analysis. Adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV), based on the accumulation of vanadium complexes with various complexing agents (such as chloranilic acid [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ], cupferron [ 15 , 16 ], gallic acid [ 17 ], alizarin red S [ 18 ], alizarin violet [ 19 ], 2,3-dihydrobenzaldehide [ 20 ], and quercetin-5-sufonic acid [ 21 ]) on the electrode surface, has proven to be especially useful for the trace determination of vanadium. As can be seen, the most commonly used complexing agents are chloranilic acid and cupferron.…”

Catalytic Voltammetric Determination of Vanadium in Crude Oil at Carbon Nanotube Paste Electrode

“…To replace the mercury electrode, solid electrodes, such as Bi film electrode [13], silver amalgam film electrode [14], carbon paste electrode [15] and carbon nanotube modified glassy carbon electrode [16], were developed for the determination of vanadium in the vanadium(V)-CAA-bromate, vanadium(V)-CAA and vanadium(V)-ARS system, respectively. Since the different electron transfer rate at mercury electrode and the solid electrode, the electrochemical behavior of vanadium has some differences at different electrode [15]. Therefore, it is still necessary to further investigate and develop simple and rapid methods for the determination of vanadium at solid electrode.…”