Determination of transit time in the human jejunum by the single-injection indicator-dilution technic

Barreiro, Marcelo A.; McKenna, Richard D.; Beck, Ivan T.

doi:10.1007/bf02236597

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In the context of laxative action, global ef fects on the propulsion of intestinal contents are especially relevant. MTT is the best way to describe propulsive motility as compared to appearance time or peak concentration time [1,3,21], MTT under the control condi tions of our study (8.5 ml/min) was in the same range as that of Barreiro et al [1] and Soergel [21]. The slightly longer MTT of these authors is probably due to perfusion without an occluding balloon allowing for some reflux proximally.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

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Effect of Bisacodyl on Intestinal Electrolyte and Water Net Transport and Transit

Ewe

1987

Digestion

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The effect of bisacodyl on intestinal electrolyte, glucose, and water transport, and transit was studied in 6 healthy volunteers by intestinal perfusion. A 5-lumen tube with an occluding balloon allowed constant perfusion (10 ml/min) of 30 cm of the upper jejunum and a rapid collection of the perfusate free of contaminants. A phenol red bolus was injected into the tube and its passage through the test segment was calculated by dye dilution formula. A 1-hour control period was followed by a test period with 6 mg/h bisacodyl and followed by 2 other 1-hour control periods. Net absorption of Na⁺ (0.35 ± 0.08 mmol/min) and water (1.7 ± 0.6 ml/min) changed to net secretion (Na⁺ -0.93 ± 0.3 ml/min; water -6.6 ± 1.9 ml/min), glucose absorption decreased from 25.4 ± 1.1 to 6.3 ± 0.5 mg/min and K secretion was enhanced. 62 ± 2.1% of bisacodyl was absorbed in the 30-cm jejunal segment. Mean transit time decreased from 8.5 ± 1 to 4.4 ± 0.7 min and mean flow rate increased from 8.4 ± 0.6 to 16.6 ± 1.9 ml/min. There was an inverse linear relationship between mean transit time and mean flow rate. All the effects of bisacodyl were fully or at least partially reversible. Volume and calculated radius of the test segment remained constant and did not change under bisacodyl. It is concluded, that the secretory effect of bisacodyl is mainly responsible for the decreased mean transit time rather than a direct effect on motility.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…The calculation of the mean transit time (MTT) is based on the Steward-Hamilton formula for dye dilu tion as used in cardiology [22] and adapted for the intestine [1,21]:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Bisacodyl on Intestinal Electrolyte and Water Net Transport and Transit

Ewe

1987

Digestion

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“…Small intestinal transit time was measured by passage of phenol red marker (Barreiro, McKenna & Beck, 1968) To 2 ml of supernatant were added successively 3 ml 0-3 N-Ba(OH)2; 1-5 ml 6-6 % lead acetate 3H20; 1-5 ml 5 % ZnSO4 7H20; 1-5 ml 0 3 N-Ba(OH)2; 2 ml 2-7 % MgCl2 6H20. The mixture was mixed thoroughly after each addition and then finally filtered (Whatman type 541).…”

Section: Measurement Of Small Intestinal Transit Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phenol red in the filtrate was determined by measuring absorption at 540 nm in a spectrophotometer (Cecil, CE292 Digital Ultraviolet Spectrophotometer). Phenol red transit time was expressed in three ways: time to first appearance, time to peak concentration, and mean transit time (Barreiro et al 1968). …”

Section: Measurement Of Small Intestinal Transit Timementioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of intestinal infusion of fats on small intestinal motility and digesta transit in pigs.

Gregory¹,

Rayner²,

Wenham³

1986

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. The influence of duodenal and ileal infusion of nutrients on small intestinal transit of digesta, measured by the passage of phenol red marker, was studied in twelve pigs fitted with duodenal and ileal catheters, and a terminal ileal cannula.2. Changes in gastrointestinal motility were observed by electromyography and by use of an X-ray image intensifier in four of the pigs fitted additionally with nichrome wire electrodes in the gut wall and in seven pigs fitted only with a gastric catheter.3. Small intestinal transit time was unaffected by intestinal catheterization per se, or by duodenal or ileal infusion of glucose or peptone. It was reduced by duodenal infusion of fat or of some of the products of fat digestion including oleic acid and a monoglyceride containing unsaturated fatty acids (monoglyceride LS) but was not affected by infusion of glycerol, stearic acid or a monoglyceride containing saturated fatty acids (monoglyceride P).4. Ileal transit time was greatly reduced by ileal infusion of soya bean oil mixed with bile salts and lipase and by monoglyceride LS but not by soya bean oil alone. Total small intestinal transit time was reduced to a lesser degree by ileal infusion of soya bean oil mixed with bile salts and lipase and by monoglyceride LS and was unaffected by soya bean oil alone.5. The level of irregular spiking activity of the small intestine was greatly reduced by both duodenal and ileal infusion of fat, but rapidly propagated spike bursts were initiated from the point of infusion (identified radjologically as peristaltic rushes) many of which travelled right through to the ileo-caecal junction.6. It is concluded that intestinal infusion of fat accelerates small intestinal transit in pigs by induction of peristaltic rushes; that since the ileal transit times were more severely reduced than total small intestinal transit times by ileal infusion of fat the response is probably only seen over those areas of intestine in direct contact with the fat; and that the effect depends upon the presence of fat digestion products, i.e. the fatty acid and the monoglyceride, although probably only those containing unsaturated fatty acids.

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“…The concentration of PSP was determined according to Smith (1964). The transit time of the bolus was calculated from the times at which the peak PSP concentrations were recorded (Barreiro, McKenna & Beck, 1968).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rate of flow of digesta and electrical activity of the small intestine in dogs and sheep.

Buéno¹,

Fioramonti²,

Ruckebusch³

1975

The Journal of Physiology

176

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SUMMARY1. Spiking activity of the small intestine in the conscious dog and sheep was recorded continuously from electrodes chronically implanted on the jejunum and summed at intervals of 20 sec. The activity was related to the transit time and flow rate of intestinal contents as estimated by phenol red and by dilution of continuous marker infusions respectively. Also in some sheep the flow of digesta was measured directly from a cannula in the proximal part of the jejunum, and also by use of an electromagnetic flow meter.2. In the fasted dog and in sheep on a normal diet the intestinal activity was characterized by a migrating myo-electric complex comprising an irregular phase followed by a regular phase. These migrating myoelectric complexes occurred regularly after a period of inactivity at a frequency of 15-20/24 hr. In dogs after feeding, a continuous spiking activity appeared and persisted for periods of 7-8 hr. This was associated with much higher rates of flow and shorter transit times than were observed during fasting. In sheep, continuous spiking activity could be induced by intravenous injection of 5-hydroxytryptophan and this, similarly, was accompanied by a more rapid flow and a shorter transit time than recorded during the control period.3. In both species the longest transit time occurred when a phenol red bolus was injected during the period of electrical inactivity. Relatively short transit times were observed when the bolus was administered just before the period of regular spiking activity.4. When relaxation of the bowel was induced by intraperitoneal injection of hypertonic saline there was no spiking activity and the transit time for the infused solution was greatly lengthened, especially in the sheep. A noticeable flow of digestive contents persisted in the dog.5. In the sheep the intestinal contents flowed intermittently during 70 L. BUENO, J. FIORAMONTI AND Y. RUCKEBUSCH periods of 10-15 min and at the same frequency as the migrating myo-electric complex. Two thirds of this flow took place in the 4-6 min immediately preceding the periods of irregular spiking activity. 6. It is concluded that in the fasted dog and in the sheep the migrating myo-electric complex controls the pressure gradients on which the flow of intestinal contents depends. This is accomplished in the main by the prolonged phase of irregular spiking activity, and it is suggested that the regular spiking activity which follows it, though not in itself propulsive, serves as a barrier to prevent backflow of digesta into the quiescent part of the intestine. When continuous spiking activity is induced, by feeding in the dog and by injection of 5-hydroxytryptophan in the sheep, no part of the intestine is quiescent and the transit time is shortened by the incessant irregular spiking activity.

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Determination of transit time in the human jejunum by the single-injection indicator-dilution technic

Cited by 29 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of Bisacodyl on Intestinal Electrolyte and Water Net Transport and Transit

Effect of Bisacodyl on Intestinal Electrolyte and Water Net Transport and Transit

The influence of intestinal infusion of fats on small intestinal motility and digesta transit in pigs.

Rate of flow of digesta and electrical activity of the small intestine in dogs and sheep.

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