Determination of volumetric changes in cracked expansive clays

Huang, Qihang; Azam, Shahid

doi:10.1007/s41062-020-00358-z

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Soil properties (Figure 3) comprised index properties (specific gravity = 2.75 and plastic limit = 28%), water retention curve (WRC), hydraulic conductivity curve (HCC), and swell shrink curve (SSC) [30]. These indices were assumed to be constant because of the largely homogenous nature of the soil deposit [31].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Constant soil properties and the use of expert judgement ensured that the Stage-I indices have a quantifiable effect on the objective. In contrast, the Stage-II indices included the initial water content obtained from the field water content profile [30] and meteorological parameters (precipitation, temperature, humidity, wind, and radiation) analyzed using daily data from 1970 to 2015. The effect of these variable risk indices was quantifiable.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These uncertainties were described by Stage-I indices with a non-quantifiable effect on the objective and Stage-II indices having quantifiable effect on the objective. Soil properties (Figure 3) comprised index properties (specific gravity = 2.75 and plastic limit = 28%), water retention curve (WRC), hydraulic conductivity curve (HCC), and swell shrink curve (SSC) [30]. These indices were assumed to be constant because of the largely homogenous nature of the soil deposit [31].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These Various data preparation methods were used to determine the components of risk indices (magnitude, probability, and weight). The magnitude (v) of all risk indices was predicted through a coupled numerical model comprising soil-atmosphere interactions using a commercial software (GeoStudio 2020) and volume change predictions based on empirical equations [30]. A homogeneous soil column was modeled up to 3.2 m depth and was divided along the profile into 16 layers of 0.2 m thickness.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two initial water content scenarios were modeled using the dry and the wet profiles (Figure 4) one at a time while keeping all other indices the same as the datum scenario; the climate-dependent parameters of snow depth and soil temperature were also kept at the datum. The 2-year field measurements [30] for initial water content were analyzed in 1 m layers to obtain mean values. The standard deviation was calculated to obtain the 95% confidence interval for each layer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Numerical-Hierarchical Framework for Predicting Volume Changes in Expansive Soils under Variable Surface and Weather Conditions

Huang

Azam

2023

Sustainability

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This research developed a numerical-hierarchical framework that captured surface conditions and climate parameters. Volume changes under distinct scenarios of surface boundary, antecedent moisture, and meteorological parameters were predicted using a coupled seepage-deformation model. Risk was hierarchically based on expert judgment for surface scenarios (Stage-I indices) and normal distribution for antecedent moisture and atmospheric parameters scenarios (Stage-II indices). Results indicated seasonal volumetric changes with minor variations of −5 mm from January to April, a steady settlement of −17 mm by June, and a gradual heave of +8 mm by December. All Stage-I indices showed similar trends such that the fluctuations were highest for vegetation, followed by slope, then by cover, and lowest for loading. Volume changes gradually reduced with depth and diminished at 3.1 m. Similar seasonal and profile trends were generally found for most Stage-II indices. Nonetheless, different trends under wet and dry conditions were observed for initial water content, precipitation, and air temperature. For the datum scenario, risk was non-existent till February, increased to 2.3 by June, diminished by October, and rose back to 1.0 by December. Similar values of cyclic variations in risk were found in most urban facilities. Volume changes were found to be two times higher in parks, insignificant for roads, half for five story buildings, and one-fourth for pipes under roads. Among the Stage-II indices, risk for the initial water content inhibited seasonal variations whereas that for precipitation was about half with a wider distribution; all the other indices showed about one-third the values. Under a higher occurrence probability of 0.129, a magnified risk was observed for all the indices such that the most critical were the initial water content and precipitation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%