Determining Anxieties in Relation to Ambient Intelligence—Explorative Findings from Hospital Settings

Bick, Markus; Kummer, Tyge-F.; Ryschka, Stephanie

doi:10.1080/10580530.2015.983021

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Furthermore, we asked participants whether they perceived the change from AI systems as temporally close or distant by assessing the agreement to the following statements: "Such systems will only become relevant in the distant future," "Such systems are unlikely to be implemented technically," and "Such systems are too abstract and intangible for me." We extended existing measures for threats toward professional recognition and professional capabilities following the procedure of MacKenzie et al [37], as outlined in Multimedia Appendix 2 [9,28,29,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identity Threats as a Reason for Resistance to Artificial Intelligence: Survey Study With Medical Students and Professionals (Preprint)

Jussupow¹,

Spohrer²,

Heinzl³

2021

Preprint

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BACKGROUND Information systems based on artificial intelligence (AI) have increasingly spurred controversies among medical professionals as they start to outperform medical experts in tasks that previously required complex human reasoning. Prior research in other contexts has shown that such a technological disruption can result in professional identity threats and provoke negative attitudes and resistance to using technology. However, little is known about how AI systems evoke professional identity threats in medical professionals and under which conditions they actually provoke negative attitudes and resistance. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate how medical professionals’ resistance to AI can be understood because of professional identity threats and temporal perceptions of AI systems. It examines the following two dimensions of medical professional identity threat: threats to physicians’ expert status (professional recognition) and threats to physicians’ role as an autonomous care provider (professional capabilities). This paper assesses whether these professional identity threats predict resistance to AI systems and change in importance under the conditions of varying professional experience and varying perceived temporal relevance of AI systems. METHODS We conducted 2 web-based surveys with 164 medical students and 42 experienced physicians across different specialties. The participants were provided with a vignette of a general medical AI system. We measured the experienced identity threats, resistance attitudes, and perceived temporal distance of AI. In a subsample, we collected additional data on the perceived identity enhancement to gain a better understanding of how the participants perceived the upcoming technological change as beyond a mere threat. Qualitative data were coded in a content analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed in regression analyses. RESULTS Both threats to professional recognition and threats to professional capabilities contributed to perceived self-threat and resistance to AI. Self-threat was negatively associated with resistance. Threats to professional capabilities directly affected resistance to AI, whereas the effect of threats to professional recognition was fully mediated through self-threat. Medical students experienced stronger identity threats and resistance to AI than medical professionals. The temporal distance of AI changed the importance of professional identity threats. If AI systems were perceived as relevant only in the distant future, the effect of threats to professional capabilities was weaker, whereas the effect of threats to professional recognition was stronger. The effect of threats remained robust after including perceived identity enhancement. The results show that the distinct dimensions of medical professional identity are affected by the upcoming technological change through AI. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that AI systems can be perceived as a threat to medical professional identity. Both threats to professional recognition and threats to professional capabilities contribute to resistance attitudes toward AI and need to be considered in the implementation of AI systems in clinical practice. CLINICALTRIAL

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identity Threats as a Reason for Resistance to Artificial Intelligence: Survey Study With Medical Students and Professionals (Preprint)

Jussupow¹,

Spohrer²,

Heinzl³

2021

Preprint

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“…In healthcare settings, studies have explored the acceptance of telemedicine (Kohnke, Cole, & Bush, 2014;Rho, Choi, & Lee, 2014;Zailani, Gilani, Nikbin, & Iranmanesh, 2014), mobile services (Kuo, Liu, & Ma, 2013;Lee & Rho, 2013;Wu, Li, & Fu, 2011), mobile devices (Jeon & Park, 2015;Moon & Chang, 2014;Wan Ismail, Chan, Buhari, & Muzaini, 2012), and hospital information systems (Abdekhoda, Ahmadi, Dehnad, & Hosseini, 2014;Chen & Hsiao, 2012;Lin, 2015). Issues related to the acceptance of sensorbased systems have been raised but not investigated empirically (Al Ameen, Liu, & Kwak, 2012;Bick et al, 2015). Factors that oppose implementation success might occur prior to, during, and/or after implementation (Klaus & Blanton, 2010).…”

Section: Behaviors During Is Adoptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We selected Germany as a data selection site, as it is a highly developed country whose residents are particularly cautious about the potential threats of sensor-based systems like those that build on RFID technology (Bick et al, 2015;Rothensee & Spiekermann, 2008;Spiekermann, 2008). Government agencies have emphasized the risks -particularly the risk of invasion of privacy -of related technologies (BSI, 2005), perhaps explaining why the diffusion of such technologies is lower in Germany than in Anglo countries.…”

Section: Country Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These systems have the potential to transform the healthcare sector and improve business value by increasing efficiency and effectiveness through automation and transparency of tasks (Anand & Wamba, 2013;Chen, Wu, & Crandall, 2007;Peris-Lopeza, Orfilaa, Mitrokotsaa, & van der Lubbea, 2011). However, their adoption in hospitals is also challenging (Bick, Kummer, & Ryschka, 2015;Cao, Jones, & Sheng, 2014;Khoumbati, Themistocleous, Irani, & Mantzana, 2008). Understanding the effects of anxiety in relation to this topic will help to ensure the success of their implementation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Technology-induced anxiety: Manifestations, cultural influences, and its effect on the adoption of sensor-based technology in German and Australian hospitals

Kummer

Recker

Bick

2017

Information & Management

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Sensor-based systems have healthcare transformation potential but acceptance problems jeopardize their diffusion. We theorize that perceived technology threats induce anxiety and diminish usage intentions. We use data from the pre-implementation phase in German and Australian hospitals to explore the formation of three types of anxieties, their impact on usage intentions, and the relationships between them and national culture. We find negative effects of relational and work-related anxieties on usage intentions while surveillance anxieties show no association. The anxieties can be partially linked to national culture characteristics. Our findings support implementation initiatives and offer a deeper understanding of technology-induced anxieties.

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A conceptualisation of privacy risk and its influence on the disclosure of check-in services information

Kummer

Pelzl²,

Bick

2021

International Journal of Information Management

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Determining Anxieties in Relation to Ambient Intelligence—Explorative Findings from Hospital Settings

Cited by 4 publications

References 44 publications

Identity Threats as a Reason for Resistance to Artificial Intelligence: Survey Study With Medical Students and Professionals (Preprint)

Identity Threats as a Reason for Resistance to Artificial Intelligence: Survey Study With Medical Students and Professionals (Preprint)

Technology-induced anxiety: Manifestations, cultural influences, and its effect on the adoption of sensor-based technology in German and Australian hospitals

A conceptualisation of privacy risk and its influence on the disclosure of check-in services information

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