Determining the role of chemical and biological factors in controlling precipitation of tufa and travertine deposits in Shurab area, Northern Iran

Ranjbaran, Mohsen; Zamanzadeh, Seyed Mohammad

doi:10.1007/s13146-021-00691-z

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…It displays a spongy microstructure, growing lamellar structures, as well as calci ed colonies of bacteria, which are all diagnostic for tufa deposits (Figs. 3e-g; 4a-d) (Ajuaba et al, 2021;Canora et al, 2023;Capezzuoli et al, 2014;Chafetz & Folk, 1984;Dabkowski, 2014;Diniz et al, 2022;Duarte, 2019;Fernandes et al, 2023;Irion & Müller, 1968;Nicoll et al, 1999;Oste et al, 2021;Pentecost, 2005b;Perri et al, 2012;Ranjbaran & Zamanzadeh, 2021;Scholl & Taft, 1964;Suchý et al, 2019;Ukey & Pardeshi, 2019). In agreement with our micromorphological observations, SEM-EDX analysis revealed the occurrence of stacked algae and mosses as well as abundant calci ed algae and bacteria laments (Fig.…”

Section: Level 13supporting

confidence: 90%

Was fire use a cultural trait of the Gravettian? New micro-archaeological data from Fuente del Salín cave (Val de San Vicente, Cantabria)

Alzate-Casallas,

Sánchez-Carro,

Barbieri

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Micro-archaeological data from sites located in central and eastern Europe show that, in comparison with other Upper Paleolithic hunter-gatherers, Gravettian foragers used fire more intensively and for a wider range of purposes. In these regions, this shift in pyrotechnology overlaps with the onset of periglacial conditions and comparable micro-archaeological datasets from milder regions, such as Cantabria, remain scarce. As result, it is difficult to conclude whether these fire behaviors were cultural traits of the Gravettian tradition, or whether they reflect adaptations to regional environments. To further investigate these hypotheses, we studied the sequence preserved at the cave of Fuente del Salín, in Cantabria, where previous excavations unearthed potential fire residues of Gravettian age. Using micromorphology, µ-X-ray fluorescence, and Scanning Electron Microscopy we reconstructed multiple phases of human visits to the site. Our results show that, during the main Gravettian occupation, foragers made intensive use of fire, as indicated by abundant heated bones and seashells, charcoals, amorphous char, fat-derived char, and in situ remains of stacked open hearts as well as burnt grass beddings. The intensive burning, systematic reuse of combustion features, and multiple purposes of the fires at Fuente del Salín are comparable with Gravettian sites from central and eastern Europe, indicating that these fire-use traits were not related with periglacial environments but with lifeway aspects and traditions of Gravettian hunter-gatherers.

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Section: Level 13supporting

confidence: 90%

Was fire use a cultural trait of the Gravettian? New micro-archaeological data from Fuente del Salín cave (Val de San Vicente, Cantabria)

Alzate-Casallas,

Sánchez-Carro,

Barbieri

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…These results show how the presence of metal oxides or other colored minerals within the crystalline structure of onyx-travertine are the product of changes in precipitation and chemical composition of the spring, leading to the development of various colors [50][51][52].…”

Section: Mineralogical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The quantification of physico-mechanical properties and durability of onyx-travertines from Santa Ana de los Ríos de Cuenca, Ecuador

et al. 2022

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In this study, physico-mechanical properties and durability of 4 onyx-travertines from Sinincay (Ecuador) were investigated. These onyx-travertines are commonly used for decorative purposes in buildings in the Historic Center of Santa Ana de los Ríos de Cuenca. The aim of this work was to characterize these stones and determine the variation of their physico-mechanical properties, such as mass loss and water absorption, after being subjected to four durability tests: salt crystallization (S-C), freeze–thaw (F-T), thermal shock (T-S) and acid attack (A-A). In addition, Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) analyses were carried out to record weathering patterns and understand the deterioration mechanism. Results show that these stones’ sedimentary structure is stratified. Two specimens exhibit geometrical features consistent with porous laminated facies and the remaining two have slightly porous cryptolaminated ones. Facies’ structure orientation is also found to determine mechanical strength, exhibiting the normal to lamination orientation the lowest value. As for durability, the statistical interpretation of the results suggests that the level of severity of each test follows S-C > F–T > A-A > T-S. In addition, laminated facies are more vulnerable to accelerated aging tests. Impact of S-C, F–T and T-S tests is mainly explained by differences in porosity and damage produced by A-A is related to the available effective area for the reaction to take place. Thus, the onyx-travertine is more than a wonderful material, it represents an interesting case study for development of future research on heritage stone in Ecuador and the world by employing normalized tests that are rarely used or published.

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Hydrochemical Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Groundwater in Huanglong, a World Natural Heritage

Gao

Zhang

et al. 2023

Water Resour

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Determining the role of chemical and biological factors in controlling precipitation of tufa and travertine deposits in Shurab area, Northern Iran

Cited by 5 publications

References 42 publications

Was fire use a cultural trait of the Gravettian? New micro-archaeological data from Fuente del Salín cave (Val de San Vicente, Cantabria)

Was fire use a cultural trait of the Gravettian? New micro-archaeological data from Fuente del Salín cave (Val de San Vicente, Cantabria)

The quantification of physico-mechanical properties and durability of onyx-travertines from Santa Ana de los Ríos de Cuenca, Ecuador

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Groundwater in Huanglong, a World Natural Heritage

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