Determining water in transformer paper insulation: analyzing aging transformers

Martín, D.; Saha, Tapan Kumar; Dee, R.H.; Buckley, G.; Chinnarajan, S.; Caldwell, G.; Zhou, Ji; Russell, G. R.

doi:10.1109/mei.2015.7214442

Cited by 38 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Moisture partition between oil and paper is assumed to reach an equilibrium, but practically this assumption will not be achieved because of varying transformer temperature. Martin et al [30, 31] have investigated moisture migrations in oil–paper insulation system and inferred that moisture is present in oil at higher temperatures and migrates into paper at lower temperatures. These migrations of moisture within oil–paper insulation form an aqueous solution with oil.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiometric and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of cellulose insulation in blend of mineral and synthetic ester oils for transformers

Rao

Sood

Jarial

2017

IET Science, Measurement & Technology

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiometric and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of cellulose insulation in blend of mineral and synthetic ester oils for transformers

Rao

Sood

Jarial

2017

IET Science, Measurement & Technology

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“…The degree of polymerization (DP) and tensile strength (TS) of paper are reduced and these precipitate the deterioration of the solid insulation. The aging mechanism also leads to the formation of dissolved gases in oil, hence degrading the physico-chemical properties of the insulation system [6,18,19]. Consequently, assessing and monitoring the oil/paper insulation is crucial in order to maintain a reliable operation of power transformers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Correlation of Transformer Oil Electrical Properties with Water Content Using a Regression Approach

Abdi

Harid

Safiddine³

et al. 2021

Energies

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An experimental investigation is conducted to measure and correlate the impact of the water content on the electrical characteristics of the mineral oil for transformers, particularly the breakdown voltage, the resistivity, and the dielectric dissipation factor. Regression method is carried out to compare the results obtained through laboratory experiments with those predicted using an analytical model. A treatment to reduce water content in oil involving filtration, degassing and dehydration using a SESCO mobile station was applied to the new, regenerated, and used oil samples in service. The breakdown voltage, the resistivity, and the dielectric dissipation factor of the samples were measured. Regression analysis using an exponential model was applied to examine the samples electrical properties. The results show that, after treatment, the breakdown voltage and resistivity increase as the water content decreases, unlike the dielectric dissipation factor which exhibits a decreasing trend. This trend is found to be similar for the three oil samples: new, regenerated, and used. The results of the regression analysis give close agreement with the experimental results for all the samples and all studied characteristics. The model shows strong correlation with high coefficients (>90%).

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“…aging [4], [5]. The equipment may fail ultimately due to premature breakdown when insulation reaches the end of its working life sooner as the insulation ages faster accompanied by water [4], [6]. Dampness has become the top threat among all the hazardous factors for insulation health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various techniques have been proposed to determine MCP for utilities to implement routine tests or laboratory studies. The most direct method is Karl Fischer titration (KFT) [6], [8]. Karl Fischer titration is a method in analytical chemistry that traces amounts of water in a sample using volumetric or coulometric titration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Circuital Model-Based Analysis of Moisture Content in Oil-Impregnated-Paper Insulation Using Frequency Domain Spectroscopy

Feng

2020

IEEE Access

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The explicitly numerical or well-defined correlations between the dielectrics responses (DRs) and dielectric essences of oil-impregnated paper (OIP) insulation have not been fully understood yet. As a result, it is rather difficult to quantitatively diagnose the critical insulation condition, like determining moisture content in insulation paper (MCP) of power equipment only using electrical-based techniques such as frequency domain spectroscopy (FDS). To obtain MCP value, from a new perspective of parametric study on the circuital DR equivalence of OIP insulation-extended Debye model (EDM), the present contribution introduces a novel approach by exploring the pattern when EDM parameters vary with MCP and temperatures T . Further, mathematical correlations are developed between sensitive R-C values and MCP-T values. On the above analysis, small-scale physical models of real-life transformer bushings were prepared as test samples. Their OIP condenser bodies were artificially absorbed different controlled quantities of moisture and conditioned at different temperatures to record corresponding FDS results. Then a hybrid genetic algorithm combined with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm was proposed to estimate the EDM parameters by fitting the measured FDS data. Sensitive parameters therein were identified using subspectrum decomposition and formulated with MCP-T values so that a reliable moisture content estimation can be achieved once the testing temperature and FDS recordings of an insulation body are known.INDEX TERMS Oil-impregnated-paper insulation, moisture, extended Debye model, frequency domain spectroscopy.

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Determining water in transformer paper insulation: analyzing aging transformers

Cited by 38 publications

References 17 publications

Physiometric and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of cellulose insulation in blend of mineral and synthetic ester oils for transformers

Physiometric and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of cellulose insulation in blend of mineral and synthetic ester oils for transformers

The Correlation of Transformer Oil Electrical Properties with Water Content Using a Regression Approach

A Circuital Model-Based Analysis of Moisture Content in Oil-Impregnated-Paper Insulation Using Frequency Domain Spectroscopy

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