Detoxification as a gateway to long-term treatment: assessing two interventions

Psychosocial approaches to psychostimulant dependence: A systematic review

“…More severe and protracted symptoms including disturbed sleep, drug craving, low mood, irritability, and poor concentration have been reported in inpatient studies, where withdrawal symptoms varied across two distinct time phases-an initial bcrashQ after sudden discontinuation and a subsequent withdrawal phase (Gawin & Kleber, 1986;McGregor et al, 2005). The chief limitation of short-term detoxification is the high rate of relapse that underlines the importance of engaging patients with longer term psychosocial treatments postdetoxification (Katz et al, 2004;Millery, Kleinman, Polissar, Millman, & Scimeca, 2002).…”

The Intensive Treatment Unit: A brief inpatient detoxification facility demonstrating good postdetoxification treatment entry

“…Multiple studies of detoxification demonstrate that it is inadequate to produce sustained remission in drug use (Chutuape, Jasinski, Fingerhood, & Stitzer, 2001;Ghodse et al, 2002;Millery, Kleinman, Polissar, Millman, & Scimeca, 2002;Simpson, Joe, & Bracy, 1982;Teesson et al, 2008). A substantial minority (38%) of detoxifications are not completed (United States Department of Health andHuman Services, 2003-2005), and among completers, even short-term abstinence is not typical, generally reported as between 20% and 40% (Broers, Giner, Dumont, & Mino, 2000;Callaghan & Cunningham, 2002a, 2002bCallaghan, 2003;Chutuape, Jasinski, et al, 2001;Franken & Hendriks, 1999;Gossop, Green, Phillips, & Bradley, 1989;Strang et al, 1997).…”

Challenges in Motivating Treatment Enrollment in Community Syringe Exchange Participants

“…Opioid-dependent patients in brief, inpatient and outpatient detoxification units and many other health care settings frequently miss scheduled intake appointments for ongoing care, despite expressing interest in receiving such referrals. 18,19 Motivational interviewing (MI) 20 might be used to improve rates of treatment enrollment and adherence of SEP participants and other out-of-treatment drug users. MI promotes behavior change through empathic counseling and creating discrepancy between current areas of distress and desired states of functioning.…”