Developed barrier island adaptation strategies to hurricane forcing under rising sea levels

Smallegan, Stephanie M.; Irish, Jennifer L.; Dongeren, Ap van

doi:10.1007/s10584-017-1988-y

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…There are two primary reasons why the north is different from the south: geologic setting [6,[40][41][42][43][44] and beach nourishment [45]. Developed islands had less overall change in geomorphology because development prevents natural processes such as washover and rollover (island migration landward).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Automated Model to Classify Barrier Island Geomorphology Using Lidar Data and Change Analysis (1998–2014)

2018

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Abstract:Previous research has documented the usefulness of Lidar data to derive a variety of topographic products (e.g., DEM, DTM, canopy and forest structure, and urban infrastructure). Lidar has been used to map coastal environments and geomorphology; however, there is no comprehensive model to derive coastal geomorphology. Therefore, the purpose of this project was to build on existing research and develop an automated modeling approach to classify coastal geomorphology across barrier islands. The model was developed and tested at four sites in North Carolina including two undeveloped and two developed islands. Barrier island geomorphology is shaped by natural coastal processes, such as storms and longshore sediment transport, as well as human influences, such as beach nourishment and urban development. The model was developed to classify ten geomorphic features over four time-steps from 1998 to 2014. Model results were compared to compute change through time and derived the rate and direction of feature movement. Tropical storms and hurricanes had the most influence in geomorphic change and movement. On the developed islands, there was less influence of storms due to the inability of features to move because of coastal infrastructure. From 2005 to 2010, beach nourishment was the dominant influence on developed beaches because this activity ameliorated the natural tendency for an island to erode. Understanding how natural and anthropogenic processes influence barrier island geomorphology is critical to predicting an island's future response to changing environmental factors such as sea-level rise. The development of an automated model enables it to be replicated in other locations where policy makers and coastal managers may use this information to make development and conservation decisions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Automated Model to Classify Barrier Island Geomorphology Using Lidar Data and Change Analysis (1998–2014)

2018

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“…Water balance models especially were used to quantify available water supply for a catchment or study area (e.g., Beh et al., 2015a; Manocha & Babovic, 2018; Wu et al., 2017). Coastal case studies typically used H&H models to characterize the depth or extent of storm surge (e.g., Genovese & Green, 2015; Peyronnin et al., 2013; Smallegan et al., 2017), or sea level rise (e.g., de Ruig et al., 2019; Haasnoot, Kwadijk, et al., 2020; Kool et al., 2020; Kwakkel et al., 2016). Some models were used to characterize water quality (i.e., pollutant loading; e.g., Fischbach et al., 2015; Tariq et al., 2017; Xu et al., 2019), or a combination of water quantity and quality metrics (e.g., Casal‐Campos et al., 2015; Di Matteo et al., 2019; Ghodsi et al., 2016; Kim & Chung, 2014; Liang et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2019).…”

Section: Green Infrastructure Adaptation Strategies Within Dmdu Appro...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Decision Making Under Deep Uncertainty Applications Using Green Infrastructure for Flood Management

Webber

Samaras

2022

Earth's Future

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Decision making under deep uncertainty (DMDU) approaches are well‐suited for making decisions about infrastructure to manage flooding exacerbated by climate change. One important system for climate resilience and flood management is green infrastructure, which refers to a network of natural and semi‐engineered areas that provides ecosystem functions. Green infrastructure is often characterized as a low‐regret strategy with multiple co‐benefits under uncertainty. These attributes enable green infrastructure to be an important adaptation strategy under DMDU frameworks for flood management. However, DMDU analyses that include green infrastructure are still relatively limited, perhaps due to computational or modeling complexity and other barriers. This paper identifies and reviews publications in the flood management literature that use DMDU frameworks and refer to green infrastructure adaptation strategies, in order to identify trends and inform future research. The reviewed publications are categorized according to a variety of performance metrics, climate change scenarios, DMDU metrics, and hydrologic modeling techniques, and represent several adaptation strategies applied to case studies on five continents using a range of data sources and assumptions. This paper highlights a number of solutions that can be employed to facilitate additional research at the intersection of these fields. Primary among these is the transparent documentation and use of open source models, methods, and data. Future research should also focus on communication among different stakeholders, particularly in ensuring definitions, assumptions, and data requirements are clear. These partnerships can facilitate effective application of robust strategies such as green infrastructure for urban adaptation to the effects of climate change.

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“…The methodology could also be used as a basis to carry out a full costbenefit analysis, required to assess the financial feasibility of a possible adaptation option and to design a long-term coastal adaptation plan for the island (e.g. Haasnoot et al 2013;Smallegan et al 2017). Adaptive planning is, in general, the most effective way of dealing, in a sustainable way, with the effects of climate change and SLR on these islands, by identifying a set of adaptation options which can be applied at different times in response to changing conditions.…”

Section: Disaster Risk Reduction Measures and Adaptive Planningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal hazard risk assessment for small islands: assessing the impact of climate change and disaster reduction measures on Ebeye (Marshall Islands)

2018

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Small island states around the world are among the areas most vulnerable to climate change and sea level rise. In this paper, we present results from an innovative methodology for a quantitative assessment of multiple hazards on coastal risks, driven by different hydro-meteorological events, and including the effects of climate change. Moreover, we take an additional step by including in the methodology the option to assess and compare the effectiveness of possible disaster risk reduction measures. The methodology is applied to a real case study at the island of Ebeye (the Republic of the Marshall Islands). An example is provided in which a rock revetment is implemented as a risk reduction measure for the island. Results show that yearly expected damages may increase, by the end of the century, by a factor of three to four, depending on the sea level rise scenario considered, while the number of yearly affected people may double. Putting a cap on the temperature increase (e.g. 1.5 vs. 2°C) according to the Paris Agreement may reduce damages and number of affected people by about 20 and 15%, respectively. However, impacts for same warming levels can vary substantially among different emission scenarios. Disaster risk reduction measures can be useful for mitigating risks in current and future situations but should be incorporated within long-term adaptive planning for these islands.

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Developed barrier island adaptation strategies to hurricane forcing under rising sea levels

Cited by 20 publications

References 20 publications

An Automated Model to Classify Barrier Island Geomorphology Using Lidar Data and Change Analysis (1998–2014)

An Automated Model to Classify Barrier Island Geomorphology Using Lidar Data and Change Analysis (1998–2014)

A Review of Decision Making Under Deep Uncertainty Applications Using Green Infrastructure for Flood Management

Coastal hazard risk assessment for small islands: assessing the impact of climate change and disaster reduction measures on Ebeye (Marshall Islands)

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