Developing a Human‐centred and Science‐based Approach to Design: The Knowledge Management Platform Project

Pascal, Amandine; Thomas, Catherine; Romme, A.G.L.

doi:10.1111/j.1467-8551.2011.00802.x

Cited by 52 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…Human-centred design emphasizes active and systematic participation by users and stakeholders in the process of designing new technology (Pascal, Thomas, & Romme, 2013).…”

Section: Human-centred Design Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of a technological development process: Human factors—the forgotten factors?

2016

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The aim of this study was to explore how human factors were taken into account in the development of a new type of drilling equipment. This study is part of a larger project on the understanding of human factors in the design and implementation of automated drilling technology. The principal study was a longitudinal study lasting 4 years that involved 43 interviews, offshore and onshore observations, and 2 surveys. MethodThe analysis in this paper is based on 7 informants who were either part of the design team or the paramount project team developing new automated drilling technology for an offshore oil-and gas-producing installation in the same development project, in addition to project documents. The informants were interviewed using semi-structured interviews, and grounded theory based on the coding process of Corbin and Strauss (1990) was used to analyse the data. 2 ResultsThe core category was found to be insufficient human factor analyses performed in the development phase due to the two main categories, namely 1) insufficient information coordination and 2) narrow focus in different phases of the project. This was found to contribute to increased costs, low user friendliness, and end users' insufficient knowledge of safe usage and potential risks. ConclusionOur conclusion was that homogenous top competence involving technical aspects contributed to developers' lack of understanding of the need for sufficient analyses of end user requirements and of the tasks that would be affected by the new technology. Hence, we argue that technological development could benefit from including human factors experts from the project's outset to bridge the gap between the lack of relevant information and sufficient information on which to base development decisions. In addition, we contend that performing human factors analyses throughout the development of a project would be beneficial due to the potential of hindering cultural aspects such as a non-questioning culture, which is viewed as a hazard in high-risk organizations.Keywords: human factors, human reliability, automated technology, safety, petroleum industry, technology development 3 IntroductionThe offshore oil and gas industry is considered a high-risk industry where minor incidents can lead to major accidents; thus, safety is a main priority (Årstad et al., 2010).Consequences of non-successful development and implementation of new technology have the potential of resulting in unwanted incidents and, in worst-case scenarios, major accidents.Because studies from the nuclear industry show that between 20 and 50% of incidents involve design mistakes (Taylor, 2007), it is important to involve strategies that ensure safety in technological development projects. Traditionally, the focus on safety in the development of new technology has been on technical aspects. Although lately there has been a growing focus on the human end users of the technology (ISO 11064, 2000;NORSOK, 2004 Saetren and Laumann (2015a) conducted a study where they found that too much trus...

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“…Human-centred design emphasizes active and systematic participation by users and stakeholders in the process of designing new technology (Pascal, Thomas, & Romme, 2013).…”

Section: Human-centred Design Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of a technological development process: Human factors—the forgotten factors?

2016

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“…) research in MOS; ‘pragmatic’ in the sense that they inform future management practice by presenting a range of evaluated alternatives developed in the service of action (Pascal et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Shades of Grey: Guidelines for Working with the Grey Literature in Systematic Reviews for Management and Organizational Studies

Adams

Smart

Huff

2016

Int J Management Reviews

625

495

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This paper suggests how the 'grey literature', the diverse and heterogeneous body of material that is made public outside, and not subject to, traditional academic peerreview processes, can be used to increase the relevance and impact of management and organization studies (MOS). The authors clarify the possibilities by reviewing 140 systematic reviews published in academic and practitioner outlets to answer the following three questions: (i) Why is grey literature excluded from/included in systematic reviews in MOS? (ii) What types of grey material have been included in systematic reviews since guidelines for practice were first established in this discipline? (iii) How is the grey literature treated currently to advance management and organization scholarship and knowledge? This investigation updates previous guidelines for more inclusive systematic reviews that respond to criticisms of current review practices and the needs of evidence-based management.

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“…The CIMO‐logic defines a design proposition that applies to a problematic Context and suggests a specific Intervention that will produce an intended Outcome through a particular Mechanism (Denyer et al, ). The CIMO‐logic has been applied in a number of design science papers (Groop et al, ; Pascal, Thomas, & Romme, ; van Aken et al, ; van Aken & Romme, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fleet sizing for UNHCR country offices

Kunz

Wassenhove

2019

J of Ops Management

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Vehicles are important assets generating significant costs. Relief organizations frequently struggle to define the appropriate number of vehicles to support their operations. The high level of decentralization giving country offices the autonomy to decide on the size of their fleet complicates the issue. This study follows a design science approach in collaboration with the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). We develop a prediction model to support UNHCR's fleet sizing problem. A stepwise linear regression approach is used to construct a model able to predict the number of vehicles required by each country office based on data from comparable countries. Three variables have the best predictive accuracy: the number of locations, small partners, and large partners working for UNHCR. We validate our findings with different regression methods and by applying our approach to another organization. Our model has provided UNHCR with valuable indications on how to help determine the appropriate number of vehicles in many countries. We develop three design propositions that show how our approach can be generalized to other humanitarian operations. These propositions offer insights on how to implement a fleet sizing decision process in highly decentralized humanitarian operations with limited information on optimal fleet sizes.

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Developing a Human‐centred and Science‐based Approach to Design: The Knowledge Management Platform Project

Cited by 52 publications

References 65 publications

A study of a technological development process: Human factors—the forgotten factors?

A study of a technological development process: Human factors—the forgotten factors?

Shades of Grey: Guidelines for Working with the Grey Literature in Systematic Reviews for Management and Organizational Studies

Fleet sizing for UNHCR country offices

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